Dynamics of agricultural use differentially affect soil properties and crop response in East African wetlands
Dynamics of agricultural use differentially affect soil properties and crop response in East African wetlands
复制标题
农业利用动态对东非湿地土壤特性和作物反应有不同影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
M. Becker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Kamiri;C. Kreye;M. Becker
农用地利用变化对湿地土壤肥力和作物生产潜力有不同程度的影响。我们研究了具有不同水文地质特征的东非湿地(高地和低地泛滥平原和山谷沼泽)。土地利用从不使用和放牧，到洪水和排水田地的作物生产，再到废弃。我们对湿地转化为农业用地的动态进行了分类，并评估了与土地利用变化相关的土壤肥力属性，以及它们对好氧和厌氧土壤中作物生产潜力的影响。不同土壤理化性质的原始湿地转化为生产地往往对土壤全碳和全氮产生负面影响，土壤排水对土壤全碳和全氮的影响更大，在低地漫滩和中山峡谷的粗质土壤中影响更大。排水沟谷施入矿质磷显著增加土壤有效磷含量，淹水土壤的生物量积累和养分吸收通常高于旱作土壤。高地土壤质地细密的湿地似乎比质地粗大的土壤更具弹性，特别是在排水时。淹水土壤中作物表现的提高表明有可能部分恢复生产潜力和恢复一些湿地。
Agricultural land use changes differentially affect soil fertility and crop production potential of wetlands. We studied East African wetlands with contrasting hydro-geological characteristics (high- and lowland floodplains and valley swamps). Land uses ranged from no use and grazing over crop production in flooded and drained fields to abandonment. We classified the dynamics of wetlands’ conversion into agricultural sites and assessed selected soil fertility attributes associated with land use changes, and their effect on the crop production potential in aerobic and anaerobic soils. A conversion of pristine wetlands, differing in soil physical and chemical attributes, into sites of production tended to negatively affect soil total C and N. Effects were stronger with soil drainage and in the coarse-textured soils of the lowland floodplain and the mid-hill valleys. Mineral P application in drained valleys significantly increased available soil P. Crop response followed these patterns with usually higher biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake in flooded than aerobic soils. Wetlands of fine soil texture in the highlands appeared more resilient than coarse-textured soils, particularly when drained. Enhanced crop performance in flooded soils indicates the possibility for partial recovery of the production potential and the rehabilitation of some wetlands.