Modulating the light environment with the peach 'asymmetric orchard': effects on gas exchange performances, photoprotection, and photoinhibition.
Modulating the light environment with the peach 'asymmetric orchard': effects on gas exchange performances, photoprotection, and photoinhibition.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erp387
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Corelli Grappadelli L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Losciale P;Chow WS;Corelli Grappadelli L
果树的生产力是光截获的线性函数，尽管当大于50%的可用光被截获时，关系不那么紧密。本文采用全树光截获和气体交换的测量方法，以及沿着气体交换和叶绿素荧光的同步测量方法，研究了桃叶片的光能分配。这些测量是在定制的“不对称”果园的树木上进行的。南北向垂直林冠的全树气体交换（C）与上午最高辐照度（W）的林冠相似，但下午最高辐照度（E）的树木具有最高的净光合作用和蒸腾作用，同时保持与其他处理相当的水分利用效率（WUE）。在W树，29%和8%以上的光系统被损坏比C和E树，分别。猝灭分配表明，非光化学猝灭（NPQ）在过量能量耗散中起着最重要的作用，但在低光照下并不完全活跃，这可能是由于反式类囊体ΔpH不太理想。非净羧化机制（NC）可能是低光照下的主要光保护机制，并可能促进建立更适合NPQ的反式类囊体ΔpH。这些发现支持了这样的结论，即照射在叶子上的辐照度可能是过度的，并可能导致光损伤，其修复需要碳水化合物形式的能量，从而从树木的生长和生产力转移。
The productivity of fruit trees is a linear function of the light intercepted, although the relationship is less tight when greater than 50% of available light is intercepted. This paper investigates the management of light energy in peach using the measurement of whole-tree light interception and gas exchange, along with the absorbed energy partitioning at the leaf level by concurrent measurements of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence. These measurements were performed on trees of a custom-built ‘asymmetric’ orchard. Whole-tree gas exchange for north–south, vertical canopies (C) was similar to that for canopies intercepting the highest irradiance in the morning hours (W), but trees receiving the highest irradiance in the afternoon (E) had the highest net photosynthesis and transpiration while maintaining a water use efficiency (WUE) comparable to the other treatments. In the W trees, 29% and 8% more photosystems were damaged than in C and E trees, respectively. The quenching partitioning revealed that the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) played the most important role in excess energy dissipation, but it was not fully active at low irradiance, possibly due to a sub-optimal trans-thylakoid ΔpH. The non-net carboxylative mechanisms (NC) appeared to be the main photoprotective mechanisms at low irradiance levels and, probably, they could facilitate the establishment of a trans-thylakoid ΔpH more appropriate for NPQ. These findings support the conclusion that irradiance impinging on leaves may be excessive and can cause photodamage, whose repair requires energy in the form of carbohydrates that are thereby diverted from tree growth and productivity.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
BOTTOMLEY, W;SPENCER, D;WHITFELD, PR
通讯作者：
WHITFELD, PR
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
BRATT, CE;ARVIDSSON, PO;AKERLUND, HE
通讯作者：
AKERLUND, HE
DOI：
10.1071/pp99019
发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Escalona, JM;Flexas, J;Medrano, H
通讯作者：
Medrano, H
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
ARO, EM;MCCAFFERY, S;ANDERSON, JM
通讯作者：
ANDERSON, JM
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Bernacchi, CJ;Portis, AR;Long, SP
通讯作者：
Long, SP