Differential effects of copper on three species of scleractinian corals and their algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.)
Differential effects of copper on three species of scleractinian corals and their algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.12.021
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发表时间：
2010-04-15
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Capo, T. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bielmyer, G. K.;Grosell, M.;Capo, T. R.
陆源污染已被认为是过去 30 年来沿海珊瑚礁生态系统珊瑚覆盖范围广泛下降的重要压力源。金属污染物虽然受到关注，但在这些敏感的生态系统中尚未得到密切监测，也没有描述其对珊瑚-藻类共生的潜在影响。在这项研究中，将三种实验室饲养的石珊瑚珊瑚（Acropora cervicornis、Pocillopora damicornis 和 Montastraea faveolata）暴露于铜（范围为 2 至 20 μg/L）中 5 周，每种珊瑚都含有不同的藻类共生体（分别为 Symbiodinium A3、C1 和 D1a）。在暴露期结束时，铜在内共生甲藻（“虫黄藻”）和 A. cervicornis 的动物组织以及 M. faveolata 的动物组织中积累；然而，在 P. damicornis 的虫黄藻或动物组织中没有检测到铜积累。三种珊瑚对铜的敏感性存在显着差异，铜浓度低至4μg/L时，A. cervicornis和P. damicornis就会受到影响。铜暴露影响A. cervicornis和P. damicornis的虫黄藻光合作用，并且A. cervicornis和M. faveolata的碳酸酐酶显着降低。同样，暴露于铜后，A. cervicornis 和 P. damicornis 的骨骼生长显着下降。根据初步结果，共生藻群落没有因铜浓度的增加而发生明显变化。这些结果表明，珊瑚物种之间的生理/毒理学终点与铜积累之间的关系不同，表明不同的毒性和/或敏感性机制。这可能部分是由相关珊瑚物种的藻类共生群落的差异造成的。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版
Land-based sources of pollution have been identified as significant stressors linked to the widespread declines of coral cover in coastal reef ecosystems over the last 30 years. Metal contaminants, although noted as a concern, have not been closely monitored in these sensitive ecosystems, nor have their potential impacts on coral-algal symbioses been characterized. In this study, three species of laboratory-reared scleractinian corals, Acropora cervicornis, Pocillopora damicornis, and Montastraea faveolata each containing different algal symbionts (Symbiodinium A3, C1 and D1a, respectively) were exposed to copper (ranging from 2 to 20 mu g/L) for 5 weeks. At the end of the exposure period, copper had accumulated in the endosymbiotic dinoflagellate ("zooxanthellae") and animal tissue of A. cervicornis and the animal tissue of M. faveolata; however, no copper accumulation was detected in the zooxanthellae or animal tissue of P. damicornis. The three coral species exhibited significantly different sensitivities to copper, with effects occurring in A. cervicornis and P. damicornis at copper concentrations as low as 4 mu g/L Copper exposure affected zooxanthellae photosynthesis in A. cervicornis and P. damicornis, and carbonic anhydrase was significantly decreased in A. cervicornis and M. faveolata. Likewise, significant decreases in skeletal growth were observed in A. cervicornis and P. damicornis after copper exposure. Based on preliminary results, no changes in Symbiodinium communities were apparent in response to increasing copper concentration. These results indicate that the relationships between physiological/toxicological endpoints and copper accumulation between coral species differ, suggesting different mechanisms of toxicity and/or susceptibility. This may be driven, in part, by differences in the algal symbiont communities of the coral species in question. Published by Elsevier B.V.