Long-term changes of plumage between urban and rural populations of white-crowned sparrows ( Zonotrichia leucophrys )
Long-term changes of plumage between urban and rural populations of white-crowned sparrows ( Zonotrichia leucophrys )
复制标题
城乡白冠麻雀( Zonotrichia leucophrys )羽毛的长期变化
DOI：
10.1093/jue/juaa038
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Luther, David A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Shawn H;Hessong-Brown, Jesi;Lipshutz, Sara E;Phillips, Jennifer N;Rochefort, Catherine;Derryberry, Elizabeth P;Luther, David A
城市化是土地改造最极端的形式之一，会导致生态系统和物种组成的变化。因此，与附近农村地区相比，存在较强的方向选择压力。尽管关于城市和农村地区声音交流的不同选择压力的研究激增，但对视觉交流相关特征的研究相对较少。我们测量了来自加利福尼亚州旧金山城市和邻近农村栖息地的白冠麻雀（Zonotrichia leucophrys）博物馆标本的羽毛，以评估不同栖息地对羽毛的影响。我们发现城市和农村人口之间的背羽存在显着差异，但冠羽没有显着差异，这种差异在过去 100 年来一直存在分歧。城市鸟类的背部羽毛越来越暗、越来越暗淡，而邻近地区的乡村鸟类的羽毛色调更加丰富，颜色更加复杂。我们的研究结果表明，新观察到的本地物种对城市环境的适应，并表明除了声音信号之外，许多特征可能会因城市选择压力而发生变化。需要在城市地区进行更多收集，以探索城市和乡村环境之间羽毛颜色可能存在的差异。
Urbanization is one of the most extreme forms of land transformation and results in changes to ecosystems and species compositions. As a result, there are strong directional selection pressures compared to nearby rural areas. Despite a surge in research on the different selection pressures on acoustic communication in urban and rural areas, there has been comparatively little investigation into traits involved with visual communication. We measured the plumage of museum specimens of white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) from urban and adjacent rural habitats in San Francisco, CA, to assess the effects of divergent habitats on plumage. We found significant differences in dorsal plumage, but not crown plumage, between urban and rural populations that have been diverging over the past 100 years. Urban birds have increasingly darker and duller dorsal plumage, whereas rural birds in adjacent areas have plumage with richer hues and more color complexity. Our findings suggest a newly observed adaptation to urban environments by native species and suggest that many traits, in addition to acoustic signals, may be changing in response to urban selection pressures. Additional collections in urban areas are needed to explore likely divergences in plumage coloration between urban and rural environments.