Mapping vaccine hesitancy--country-specific characteristics of a global phenomenon.
Mapping vaccine hesitancy--country-specific characteristics of a global phenomenon.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.09.039
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发表时间：
2014-11-20
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Schuster M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dubé E;Gagnon D;Nickels E;Jeram S;Schuster M
疫苗犹豫是一个复杂且多层次的全球性问题。对疫苗的犹豫取决于具体的背景、时间、地点和疫苗。对免疫管理人员进行了采访，以确定各国对疫苗犹豫不决的广度和感知的驱动因素。我们的研究结果毫不意外地揭示了各国对疫苗犹豫的报道基础存在很大差异。疫苗犹豫一词是指尽管有疫苗接种服务，但仍延迟接受或拒绝疫苗。不同的因素会影响疫苗的犹豫，这些因素因具体情况而异，随时间、地点和不同疫苗的不同而变化。其中涉及自满、便利和信心等因素。对疫苗的接受度可能正在下降，人们对这一趋势提出了几种解释。世卫组织免疫战略咨询专家组 (SAGE) 认识到疫苗犹豫的全球重要性，并建议对免疫管理人员 (IM) 进行访谈研究，以更好地了解在不同环境中遇到的疫苗犹豫决定因素的范围。 2013 年 9 月至 12 月期间，对 13 个选定国家的 IM 进行了采访，发现了阻碍疫苗接受的各种因素。 IM 并没有对疫苗犹豫做出一致的定义，大多数人将该术语解释为拒绝接种疫苗。尽管所有 13 个国家都对疫苗犹豫不决，但一些 IM 认为其对免疫规划的影响只是一个小问题。不同国家对疫苗犹豫不决的原因各不相同，并且因具体情况而异，这表明需要加强国家规划的能力，以确定当地相关的因果因素并制定适当的战略来解决这些问题。
Vaccine hesitancy is a global problem that is complex and multilayered. Vaccine hesitancy is context, time, place and vaccine specific. Interviews with immunization managers were conducted to determine the breadth and perceived drivers of vaccine hesitancy at the countries’ level. Our study results, not unexpectedly, revealed a wide variation in the reported basis for vaccine hesitancy across countries. The term vaccine hesitancy refers to delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite the availability of vaccination services. Different factors influence vaccine hesitancy and these are context-specific, varying across time and place and with different vaccines. Factors such as complacency, convenience and confidence are involved. Acceptance of vaccines may be decreasing and several explanations for this trend have been proposed. The WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization has recognized the global importance of vaccine hesitancy and recommended an interview study with immunization managers (IMs) to better understand the range of vaccine hesitancy determinants that are encountered in different settings. Interviews with IMs in 13 selected countries were conducted between September and December 2013 and various factors that discourage vaccine acceptance were identified. Vaccine hesitancy was not defined consistently by the IMs and most interpreted the term as meaning vaccine refusal. Although vaccine hesitancy existed in all 13 countries, some IMs considered its impact on immunization programmes to be a minor problem. The causes of vaccine hesitancy varied in the different countries and were context-specific, indicating a need to strengthen the capacity of national programmes to identify the locally relevant causal factors and to develop adapted strategies to address them.