SPIROPLASMA-MELLIFERUM, A NEW SPECIES FROM THE HONEYBEE (APIS-MELLIFERA)
SPIROPLASMA-MELLIFERUM, A NEW SPECIES FROM THE HONEYBEE (APIS-MELLIFERA)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1099/00207713-35-3-296
复制
发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
WILLIAMSON, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CLARK, TB;WHITCOMB, RF;WILLIAMSON, DL
从昆虫和花表面分离出的二十八个螺旋藻亚组的I-2菌株在其血清学特性上相似。从蜜蜂分离出来的BC-3T菌株BC-3T（T =型应变）被选为该簇的代表，并根据公认的标准表征。每次OS采集后，这种菌株和其他菌株进入其昆虫宿主的血液，导致各种组织的病理学，并减少成人寿命。 SM-1或M1D培养基的生长发生在20至37级。 C，最佳生长约为32至35.度。 C.胆固醇需要生长。发酵葡萄糖，果糖和其他碳水化合物，并分解精氨酸。在变形测试中与相当大的均匀性反应，其中有17个菌株与I-1亚组菌株（螺旋体citri）和I-3亚组（玉米特技螺旋形）完全分离。一组五个亚组I-2菌株在细胞蛋白的一维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳上表现出同质性。 BC-3T菌株在血清学上也与亚组I-4至I-8不同。来自Spiroplasma Floricola，Spiroplasma Apis和Spiroplasma Mirum；以及通过XI的II和VI组的代表性菌株。先前关于菌株BC-3T及相关菌株的研究表明，（i）这些生物包括Citri S. citri复合物的独特亚组（I组）； （ii）脱氧核糖核酸 - 脱氧核糖核酸在BC-3T菌株和其他I组的菌株之间的同源性不超过70％； （iii）二维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳揭示了I组之间蛋白质共享的模式支持部分相关性的分子遗传指示； （iv）来自BC-3T菌株和血清学相关菌株的脱氧核糖核酸的ECORI限制性核酸内切酶模式显示出紧密的相关性； （v）对5s核糖体核糖核酸进行测序表明与现在分类在软体动物中的所有生物的一定程度的相关性； （vi）BC-3T菌株能够具有粘毒性和趋化性反应； （vii）BC = 3T菌株具有可能介导各种运动性的原纤维； （viii）从螺旋体sp中分离出的裂解病毒（SPV4）。 B63菌株（亚组I-2的代表）在形态和基因组上与其他螺旋藻病毒不同，并且仅在I-2亚组螺旋体的草坪上形成斑块。 I-2亚组的另一位成员AS 576的先前工作证明了（i）（i）粘骨反应，（ii）对渗透环境的中等剂量反应，（iii）对四环素和氨基糖苷抗生素的敏感性，（iiv）在相对简单的生长中，化学定义的培养基，（v）定义培养基中的营养利用模式和（vi）基因组分子量基于我们的新发现以及先前描述的菌株BC-3T和相关亚组I-2菌株的特性，我们提出，此处描述的具有特征的螺旋质菌株被归类为新物种Sprioplasma melliferum。菌株BC-3（类型应变）已作为菌株ATCC 33219沉积在美国型培养物中。
Twenty-eight strains of spiroplasma subgroup I-2 isolated from insects and flower surfaces were similar in their serological properties. Strain BC-3T (T = type strain) which was isolated from the honeybee, was chosen as a representative of this cluster and was characterized according to accepted standards. This strain and other strains of the cluster entered the hemocoel of their insect hosts after per os acquisition, caused pathology in various tissues, and reduced adult longevity. Growth in SM-1 or M1D medium occurred at 20 to 37.degree. C, with optimum growth at about 32 to 35.degree. C. Cholesterol was required for growth. Glucose, fructose, and other carbohydrates were fermented, and arginine was catabolized. Seventeen strains, including strain BC-3T, reacted with considerable homogeneity in deformation tests and were completely separable from strains of subgroup I-1 (Spiroplasma citri) and subgroup I-3 (corn stunt spiroplasma). A group of five subgroup I-2 strains showed homogeneity upon one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell proteins. Strain BC-3T was also serologically distinct from subgroups I-4 through I-8; from Spiroplasma floricola, Spiroplasma apis, and Spiroplasma mirum; and from representative strains of spiroplasma groups II and VI through XI. Previously published studies on strain BC-3T and related strains demonstrated that (i) these organisms comprise a unique subgroup of the S. citri complex (group I); (ii) deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid homologies between strain BC-3T and strains of other group I sugroups do not exceed 70%; (iii) the patterns of protein sharing among group I revealed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis support molecular genetic indications of partial relatedness; (iv) the EcoRI restriction endonuclease patterns of deoxyribonucleic acids from strain BC-3T and serologically related strains show close relatedness; (v) sequencing of 5S ribosomal ribonucleic acid suggests some degree of relatedness with all organisms now classified in the Mollicutes; (vi) strain BC-3T is capable of viscotactic and chemotactic responses; (vii) strain BC=3T possesses fibrils that may mediate various types of motility; and (viii) a lytic virus (SpV4) isolated from Spiroplasma sp. strain B63 (a representative of subgroup I-2) is morphologically and genomically distinct from other spiroplasma viruses and forms plaques only on lawns of subgroup I-2 spiroplasmas. Previous work on strain AS 576, another member of subgroup I-2, demonstrated (i) a viscotactic response, (ii) moderate senstivity to osmotic environments, (iii) susceptibility to tetracycline and aminoglycoside antibiotics, (iv) growth in a relatively simple, chemically defined medium, (v) nutritional utilization patterns in defined medium, and (vi) a genome molecular weight of 109. On the basis of our new findings and the previously described properties of strain BC-3T and related subgroup I-2 strains, we propose that spiroplasma strains with the characteristics described here be classified as a new species, Sprioplasma melliferum. Strain BC-3, the type strain, has been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection as strain ATCC 33219.