Fluid reasoning predicts future mathematical performance among children and adolescents.
Fluid reasoning predicts future mathematical performance among children and adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2016.12.005
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ferrer E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green CT;Bunge SA;Briones Chiongbian V;Barrow M;Ferrer E
这项纵向研究的目的是确定流体推理(FR)是否在数学技能的获得中发挥着重要作用，超过了其他认知能力和数字能力的影响。使用纵向队列序贯设计，我们检验了FR如何在三个评估场合测量，间隔大约1.5年，预测一组69名6岁至21岁的参与者在所有三个评估场合的数学结果。我们使用结构方程模型(SEM)来检验儿童的先前认知能力与他们未来的数学成绩之间的直接和间接关系。包括年龄、FR、词汇和空间技能在内的模型可以解释未来数学成绩的90%的差异。在这个模型中，FR是未来数学成绩的唯一显著预测因素；年龄、词汇和空间技能都不是显著预测因素。因此，在跨越小学和中学的广泛年龄范围内，FR是未来数学成绩的唯一预测指标。这些发现建立在卡特尔将认知结构概念化作为学习支架的基础上，表明这一领域通用能力支持基本数学技能的获得以及解决更复杂数学问题的能力。
The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine whether fluid reasoning (FR) plays a significant role in the acquisition of mathematics skills, above and beyond the effects of other cognitive and numerical abilities. Using a longitudinal cohort sequential design, we examined how FR measured at three assessment occasions, spaced approximately 1.5 years apart, predicted math outcomes for a group of 69 participants between ages 6 and 21 across all three assessment occasions. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the direct and indirect relations between children's prior cognitive abilities and their future math achievement. A model including age, FR, vocabulary, and spatial skills accounted for 90% of the variance in future math achievement. In this model, FR was the only significant predictor of future math achievement; neither age, vocabulary, nor spatial skills were significant predictors. Thus, FR was the only predictor of future math achievement across a wide age range that spanned primary and secondary school. These findings build on Cattell's conceptualization of FR as a scaffold for learning, showing that this domain-general ability supports the acquisition of rudimentary math skills as well as the ability to solve more complex mathematical problems.