Sleep and brain energy levels: ATP changes during sleep.
Sleep and brain energy levels: ATP changes during sleep.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1423-10.2010
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发表时间：
2010-06-30
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Basheer R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dworak M;McCarley RW;Kim T;Kalinchuk AV;Basheer R
睡眠是最普遍的生物现象之一，但其功能仍然难以捉摸。虽然许多功能理论、间接证据，甚至常识都表明，大脑能量的增加需要睡眠，但现代技术还没有直接测量大脑能量水平。我们在此报告，脑细胞的能量流通--三磷酸腺苷水平显示，在觉醒活跃的大鼠大脑区域，自发睡眠的最初几个小时激增，而在睡眠活跃的大脑区域则不是。这种激增取决于睡眠，而不是一天中的时间，因为通过温和地处理大鼠3小时或6小时来阻止睡眠也可以防止ATP的激增。在自然睡眠中，脑电NREM波活动(0.5~4.5赫兹)与三磷酸腺苷(ATP)波幅呈显著正相关。在正常活动的黑暗时期，通过向基底前脑注入腺苷来诱导睡眠和Delta活动，也会增加ATP。综上所述，这些观察表明，当神经元活动减少时，ATP的激增就会发生，就像在睡眠中发生的那样。磷酸化AMP激活的蛋白激酶(P-AMPK)在细胞能量感知和调节中的作用与ATP的水平呈现双向变化。在睡眠诱导的ATP激增期间，P-AMPK水平低于清醒或睡眠剥夺时的水平。综上所述，这些结果表明，睡眠诱导的ATP激增和P-AMPK水平的下降为睡眠中合成代谢过程的增加奠定了基础，并为了解睡眠中发生的恢复性生物合成过程的分子事件提供了洞察。
Sleep is one of the most pervasive biological phenomena, but one whose function remains elusive. Although many theories of function, indirect evidence, and even common sense suggest sleep is needed for an increase in brain energy, brain energy levels have not been directly measured with modern technology. We here report that ATP levels, the energy currency of brain cells, show a surge in the initial hours of spontaneous sleep in wake-active but not in sleep-active brain regions of rat. The surge is dependent on sleep but not time of day, since preventing sleep by gentle handling of rats for 3 h or 6 h also prevents the surge in ATP. A significant positive correlation was observed between the surge in ATP and EEG NREM delta activity (0.5–4.5 Hz) during spontaneous sleep. Inducing sleep and delta activity by adenosine infusion into basal forebrain during the normally active dark period also increases ATP. Taken together, these observations suggest that the surge in ATP occurs when the neuronal activity is reduced, as occurs during sleep. The levels of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (P-AMPK), well known for its role in cellular energy sensing and regulation, and ATP show reciprocal changes. P-AMPK levels are lower during the sleep-induced ATP surge than during wake or sleep deprivation. Taken together, these results suggest that sleep-induced surge in ATP and the decrease in P-AMPK levels set the stage for increased anabolic processes during sleep and provides insight into the molecular events leading to the restorative biosynthetic processes occurring during sleep.