Spectrum of rift valley fever virus transmission in Kenya: Insights from three distinct regions
Spectrum of rift valley fever virus transmission in Kenya: Insights from three distinct regions
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2007.76.795
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
King, Charles H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LaBeaud, A. Desiree;Ochiai, Yoshitsugu;King, Charles H.
裂谷热病毒 (RVFV) 是一种新兴病原体，由于其对牲畜的威胁、引起人类出血热的能力以及气溶胶传播的潜力，因此保持高度生物防御优先地位。为了确定肯尼亚流行期间和流行期间的人类传播范围，我们通过 ELISA 和空斑减少中和测试测试了特定人群 (N = 1,263) 的存档血清中的抗 RVFV IgG。 RVFV 血清流行率为 10.8%，并且因地点、性别和年龄而异。在肯尼亚西北部，1980 年之前出生的人中的高血清流行率表明当时可能发生了未被发现的流行病。高原地区记录的血清转化表明以前未曾怀疑的流行病间传播。肯尼亚某些地区的裂谷热病毒血清流行率惊人地高，表明地方性传播模式可能妨碍准确估计区域急性疫情发病率。肯尼亚裂谷热病毒流行期间和流行期间的传播程度都比之前记录的要大。
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging pathogen that maintains high biodefense priority based on its threat to livestock, its ability to cause human hemorrhagic fever, and its potential for aerosol spread. To define the range of human transmission during inter-epidemic and epidemic periods in Kenya, we tested archived sera from defined populations (N = 1,263) for anti-RVFV IgG by ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization testing. RVFV seroprevalence was 10.8% overall and varied significantly by location, sex, and age. In NW Kenya, high seroprevalence among those born before 1980 indicates that an undetected epidemic may have occurred then. Seroconversion documented in highland areas suggests previously unsuspected inter-epidemic transmission. RVFV seroprevalence is strikingly high in certain Kenyan areas, suggesting endemic transmission patterns that may preclude accurate estimation of regional acute outbreak incidence. The extent of both epidemic and inter-epidemic RVFV transmission in Kenya is greater than previously documented.