Age, individuality, and context as factors in sustained visual attention during the preschool years.
Age, individuality, and context as factors in sustained visual attention during the preschool years.
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年龄、个性和环境是学龄前持续视觉注意力的因素。
DOI：
10.1037//0012-1649.34.3.454
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weissberg,R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ruff,HA;Capozzoli,M;Weissberg,R
在3项研究中，作者探讨了学龄前儿童在几种不同环境下持续注意力的年龄变化和个体差异——看录像带、玩玩具和执行反应时间任务。注意各项指标在30 ~ 54月龄间呈上升趋势，而注意力不集中指数则呈下降趋势。这些变化在玩耍和看电视时比在反应时间任务中发生得更早。总之，这些结果也为通过高内部一致性和稳定性来衡量注意和不注意的个体差异提供了证据。然而，不同情况下的相关性很低。这些结果表明，儿童在特定环境中有稳定的集中和保持注意力的倾向，但他们的注意力会随着任务的要求以及他们满足这些要求的能力或兴趣而变化。
In 3 studies, the authors explored age changes and individual differences in preschool children's sustained attention in several different contexts—watching a videotape, playing with toys, and performing reaction time tasks. Various indexes of attention increased from 30 months to 54 months, whereas inattention decreased. Changes tended to occur earlier for play and television viewing than for the reaction time task. Together, the results also provide evidence for individual differences in measures of attention and inattention through high internal consistency and stability over time within situations. Correlations across situations, however, were low to modest. These results suggest that children have stable tendencies to focus and sustain attention in particular contexts but that their attention varies with the demands of the task and their ability or interest in meeting those demands.