Growth factors controlling muscle development
Growth factors controlling muscle development
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DOI：
10.1016/s0739-7240(99)00036-3
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Kambadur, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bass, J;Oldham, J;Kambadur, R
某些品种的牛，如比利时蓝牛，肌肉的扩大是由于正常大小的肌肉纤维数量的显著增加。最初，胰岛素样生长因子（IGFs）与这种肌纤维增生有关，因为IGFs已被证明可以刺激成肌细胞增殖并维持纤维分化。最近有报道称，缺乏肌生长抑制素基因（TGF β超家族的一员）的小鼠，由于肌纤维数量和大小的增加，骨骼质量增加。在双肌牛中发现了该基因的突变，表明肌肉生长抑制素是肌肉生长的抑制剂。肌生长抑制素在妊娠早期表达，然后在某些肌肉中维持到成年。肌生长抑制素在牛肌肉中的表达在肌肉纤维形成的妊娠期最高，一些肌生成调节因子的表达在同一时期与肌生长抑制素升高。IGF轴的分子表达在比利时蓝牛和正常肌肉牛之间没有差异，IGF- ii mRNA在这两个品种的二次纤维形成过程中都有所增加。然而，肌生长抑制素和MyoD在肌肉中的表达在正常和肥厚的牛品种之间是不同的。这一证据有力地表明，肌肉生长抑制素的缺乏与纤维数量的增加有关，从而导致双肌牛潜在肌肉质量的显著增加。(C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc.；版权所有。
The enlarged muscles of certain breeds of cattle, such as the Belgian Blue, have been shown to result from a marked increase in the number of normal sized muscle fibers. Originally insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) were implicated in this myofiber hyperplasia, as IGFs have been shown to stimulate myoblast proliferation as well as maintain fiber differentiation. Recently it has been reported that mice lacking a myostatin gene, a member of the TGF beta superfamily, have enhanced skeletal mass resulting from increased muscle fiber number and size. Mutations in this gene have been found in double-muscled cattle, indicating that myostatin is an inhibitor of muscle growth. Myostatin is expressed early in gestation and then maintained to adulthood in certain muscles. Myostatin expression in bovine muscle is highest during gestation when muscle fibers are forming and some of the myogenic regulatory factors have elevated expression over the same period as myostatin. Molecular expression of the IGF axis does not differ between Belgian Blue and normal muscled cattle, and IGF-II mRNA is increased throughout formation of secondary fibers in both breeds. However, myostatin and MyoD expression in muscle differ between normal and hypertrophied muscle cattle breeds. This evidence strongly suggests that lack of myostatin is associated with an increase in fiber number which then results in a marked increase in potential muscle mass in double-muscled cattle. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.