Variation in endosperm protein composition and technological quality properties in durum wheat
Variation in endosperm protein composition and technological quality properties in durum wheat
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1018338308795
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Nachit, MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Porceddu, E;Turchetta, T;Nachit, MM
硬粒小麦的品质是由胚乳蛋白质含量和组成决定的。对来自土耳其的大量硬粒小麦进行了电泳、蛋白质含量和SDS沉降分析，并与意大利品种进行了比较。检测到许多模式，这些模式是由基因组A和B的不同等位基因的组合产生的，并且鉴定出新的等位基因变体。在Gli-B1相同的等位基因的基因型表现出不一致的低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基（LMW-GS）的比较，建议谨慎考虑γ-醇溶蛋白作为面食品质的遗传标记。蛋白质含量和SDS沉降值的变化是更广泛的土耳其材料比在意大利品种，其值与来自澳大利亚，加拿大，法国和美国的品种。大量的面筋性质的变化解释了蛋白质组成，LMW-GS作出最大的贡献。对意大利栽培品种里拉的两种生物型进行了反相高效液相色谱（RP-HPLC）分析，这两种生物型在Gli-B1/Glu-B3基因座上不同（里拉42具有γ-42，LMW-1，质量差;而里拉45具有γ-45，LMW-2，质量好）。结果表明，品质差异的主要原因是：（1）LMW-2中LMW谷蛋白的绝对含量较高，（2）里拉45谷蛋白中LMW-s型和LMW-m型亚基作为聚合物扩链剂的相对优势;里拉42谷蛋白中α型和γ型谷蛋白亚基比例较高，其在N末端区域具有额外的（九个）半胱氨酸残基，并充当麦谷蛋白链终止子。结果表明，品质育种应考虑LMW-GS和α-和γ-谷蛋白亚基的选择。
Durum wheat quality is controlled by endosperm protein content and composition. Electrophoretic, protein content and SDS sedimentation analyses were carried out on a large collection of accessions of durum wheat from Turkey, and compared with Italian cultivars. A number of patterns were detected, resulting from the combination of different alleles at genomes A and B, and new allelic variants were identified. Genotypes with the same allele at Gli-B1 showed inconsistencies in the comparison of low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS), suggesting caution in considering gamma-gliadins as genetic markers for pasta quality. Variation in protein content and SDS sedimentation values was wider in the Turkish material than in the Italian cultivars, the values of which were in line with cultivars from Australia, Canada, France, and the USA. A substantial amount of the variation in gluten properties was explained in terms of protein composition, with LMW-GS making the largest contribution. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analyses were carried out on two biotypes of the Italian cultivar Lira that differ at the Gli-B1/Glu-B3 loci (Lira 42 has gamma-42, LMW-1, and poor quality; whereas Lira 45 has gamma-45, LMW-2, and good quality). The results indicated that differences in quality may be due to: 1) the absolute amount of LMW glutenins which was greater in LMW-2; 2) the relative predominance of LMW-s type and LMW-m type subunits in Lira 45 glutenins which act as polymer chain extenders; and 3) the higher proportion of the alpha-type and gamma-type glutenin subunits, in Lira 42 glutenins, which have an additional (nine) cysteine residue in the N-terminal region and act as glutenin chain terminators. The conclusion reached was that breeding for quality should consider selection for LMW-GS and against alpha-type and gamma-type glutenin subunits.