Model insights into bed control on retreat of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica

Model insights into bed control on retreat of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica
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对西南极洲思韦茨冰川退缩过程中河床控制的模型分析

DOI:
10.1017/jog.2023.13
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Morlighem, Mathieu M.
Morlighem, Mathieu M.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schwans, Emily;Parizek, Byron R.;Alley, Richard B.;Anandakrishnan, Sridhar;Morlighem, Mathieu M.

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思韦茨冰川(TG)在未来南极西部冰盖对海平面上升的贡献中起着重要作用。最近的观测表明,TG正在失去质量,其接地带正在后退。关于在持续变暖的情况下是否、何时以及以多快的速度进一步退缩,先前的模式已经产生了广泛的结果。这些差异至少部分是由约束不良的过程引起的,包括来自海床的摩擦,以及未来影响冰架和接地带支撑的大气和海洋作用力。在这里,我们将冰盖和海平面系统模型(ISSM)与一系列规范的基础滑动行为响应于变化的海洋强迫。我们发现,当冰川响应外部强迫时,通过调节驱动应力在床上的平衡变化,盆地宽度的床特征强烈影响TG对亚陆架融化的响应。由此产生的动态变薄模式的差异改变了模拟的Thwaites流域的基准线退缩,影响了模拟的冰盖这一关键部分的SLR贡献速率和幅度。床层特征在等量外部强迫下的热重预估中引入了很大的不确定性,指出这是西南极洲预测模式所需的关键约束。
Thwaites Glacier (TG) plays an important role in future sea-level rise (SLR) contribution from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Recent observations show that TG is losing mass, and its grounding zone is retreating. Previous modeling has produced a wide range of results concerning whether, when, and how rapidly further retreat will occur under continued warming. These differences arise at least in part from ill-constrained processes, including friction from the bed, and future atmosphere and ocean forcing affecting ice-shelf and grounding-zone buttressing. Here, we apply the Ice Sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM) with a range of specifications of basal sliding behavior in response to varying ocean forcing. We find that basin-wide bed character strongly affects TG's response to sub-shelf melt by modulating how changes in driving stress are balanced by the bed as the glacier responds to external forcing. Resulting differences in dynamic thinning patterns alter modeled grounding-line retreat across Thwaites' catchment, affecting both modeled rates and magnitudes of SLR contribution from this critical sector of the ice sheet. Bed character introduces large uncertainties in projections of TG under equal external forcing, pointing to this as a crucial constraint needed in predictive models of West Antarctica.
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