Root Development and Nutrient Uptake
Root Development and Nutrient Uptake
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DOI：
10.1080/07352680600709917
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发表时间：
2006-07
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
H. Wang;Y. Inukai;A. Yamauchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Wang;Y. Inukai;A. Yamauchi
根系的形成与新梢的生长密切相关。因此，根的生长及其功能通过根和芽之间的物质循环由芽紧密调节。植物根系由形态和功能不同的不同种类的根组成。这些根的空间构型和分布决定了土壤中的根系结构，而根系结构又主要调节土壤资源（如养分和水分）的获取。每个根及其伴随组织的形态和生理特性进一步影响养分的吸收和运输，而与这种获取相关的根性状也取决于养分的种类及其在土壤中的流动性。此外，最近已在分子水平上阐明了矿物营养素的吸收和运输机制。已经在模式植物系统如拟南芥和水稻以及其他植物物种中鉴定了许多用于获取和运输各种矿物质营养素的基因。土壤养分行为与根系形态和生理功能的结合研究，将进一步阐明植物根系吸收和转运养分的机理，为问题土壤的作物生产力遗传改良提供真实的可能性。主持人：Bobbie McMichael博士，植物生理学家，USDA-ARS，植物胁迫和种质开发单位，3810第四街，德克萨斯州拉伯克，拉伯克79415
Root system formation proceeds in close coordination with shoot growth. Accordingly, root growth and its functions are regulated tightly by the shoot through materials cycling between roots and shoots. A plant root system consists of different kinds of roots that differ in morphology and functions. The spatial configuration and distribution of these roots determine root system architecture in the soil, which in turn primarily regulates the acquisition of soil resources like nutrients and water. Morphological and physiological properties of each root and the concomitant tissues further affect nutrient uptake and transport, while the root traits that are related to such acquisition also depend on the kinds of nutrients and their mobility in the soil. In addition, mechanisms involved in the uptake and transport of mineral nutrients recently have been elucidated at the molecular level. A number of genes for acquisition and transport of various mineral nutrients have been identified in model plant systems such as Arabidopsis thaliana, and rice, and in other plant species. An integration of studies on nutrient behavior in soils and the morphological and physiological functions of root systems will further elucidate the mechanism of plant nutrient uptake and transport by roots, and offer a real possibility of genetically improving crop productivity in problem soils. Referee: Dr. Bobbie McMichael, Plant Physiologist, USDA-ARS, Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, 3810 4th St., Lubbock, Texas 79415