Adaptation to thermotolerance in Rhizopus coincides with virulence as revealed by avian and invertebrate infection models, phylogeny, physiological and metabolic flexibility
Adaptation to thermotolerance in Rhizopus coincides with virulence as revealed by avian and invertebrate infection models, phylogeny, physiological and metabolic flexibility
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DOI：
10.1080/21505594.2015.1029219
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发表时间：
2015-05-19
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Voigt, Kerstin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaerger, Kerstin;Schwartze, Volker U.;Voigt, Kerstin
毛霉菌病是由古老的毛霉目真菌引起的真菌感染。它们很罕见，但越来越多地被报道。在人类和动物中支持和有利于毛霉菌病的易感条件包括糖尿病酮症酸中毒、免疫抑制和血液学恶性肿瘤。然而，全面的调查，以阐明真菌的毒性在古代真菌是有限的，迄今为止集中在Lichtheimia和毛霉。本研究主要针对毛霉病的重要病原菌之一--根霉属进行研究。所有已知的临床相关物种都是耐热的，并且是单系的。与非临床嗜温种属相比，其毒性更强。尽管对高温的适应与该物种的毒力相关，但嗜温菌株在许可温度下孵育的大蜡螟中也显示出较低的毒力，这表明存在参与临床根霉菌种发病机制的其他因素。然而，无论是特定的适应营养需求，也不胁迫抗性与毒力，支持的想法，毛霉菌主要是腐营养菌没有一个特定的适应温血主机。
Mucormycoses are fungal infections caused by the ancient Mucorales. They are rare, but increasingly reported. Predisposing conditions supporting and favoring mucormycoses in humans and animals include diabetic ketoacidosis, immunosuppression and haematological malignancies. However, comprehensive surveys to elucidate fungal virulence in ancient fungi are limited and so far focused on Lichtheimia and Mucor. The presented study focused on one of the most important causative agent of mucormycoses, the genus Rhizopus (Rhizopodaceae). All known clinically-relevant species are thermotolerant and are monophyletic. They are more virulent compared to non-clinically, mesophilic species. Although adaptation to elevated temperatures correlated with the virulence of the species, mesophilic strains showed also lower virulence in Galleria mellonella incubated at permissive temperatures indicating the existence of additional factors involved in the pathogenesis of clinical Rhizopus species. However, neither specific adaptation to nutritional requirements nor stress resistance correlated with virulence, supporting the idea that Mucorales are predominantly saprotrophs without a specific adaptation to warm blooded hosts.