The unjustified and politicized battle against vaccination of children and adolescents in Brazil.
The unjustified and politicized battle against vaccination of children and adolescents in Brazil.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lana.2022.100206
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发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barberia LG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martins-Filho PR;Barberia LG
面对新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 疫情的动态和复杂情况，世界各国正在扩大新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 疫苗接种计划，将幼儿纳入其中。尽管儿科人群中与 COVID-19 相关的住院和死亡不太常见，但该疾病已成为贫困社区儿童和青少年的新死亡原因。 1 在巴西，联邦卫生监管机构 (ANVISA) 于 2021 年 6 月 11 日（即全国疫苗接种运动开始六个月后）批准辉瑞 BioNTech COVID-19 疫苗 (ComiRNAty) 用于 12-17 岁青少年。尽管如此，卫生部长马塞洛·奎罗加 (Marcelo Queiroga) 于 9 月 16 日宣布，由于正在调查死亡事件以及对该年龄段不良事件的担忧，打算停止为无基础疾病的青少年接种 COVID-19 疫苗，尽管已有超过 350 万青少年已经接种了疫苗。尽管博尔索纳罗总统和卫生部长马塞洛·奎罗加提出了质疑，但多项随机对照临床研究和监测计划支持了儿童和青少年的疫苗安全性。幸运的是，这个年龄段的免疫接种只是暂时停止，此后已经取得进展，至少 25% 的人已经接种了两剂。最近，巴西 ANVISA、科学家、反疫苗者和联邦当局之间爆发了一场针对 COVID-19 的新斗争：为 5-11 岁儿童接种疫苗。 ComiRNAty 疫苗获得监管机构批准后不久，巴西总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗 (Jair Bolsonaro) 确认，“儿童死亡人数并未证明为儿童接种疫苗是合理的。” 2 这一立场得到了卫生部的进一步支持，该部就儿童接种 COVID-19 疫苗问题举行了一场史无前例的公开听证会，其中包括关于是否应仅在父母（或监护人）同意和医疗处方的情况下才能接种疫苗的问题。遗憾的是，这一建议将无法获得医疗服务的最贫困和最边缘化的儿童排除在接种疫苗的机会之外。在与联邦卫生监管机构的持续冲突中，博尔索纳罗威胁要透露负责批准儿童疫苗的 ANVISA 官员的姓名，并一直对 COVID-19 疫苗的有效性和安全性表示怀疑。尽管总统淡化了巴西儿童感染 SARS-CoV-2 的严重性、关于疫苗可能对儿童造成危险的未经证实的指控，以及在 2021 年 12 月 16 日 ANVISA 批准在 5-11 岁儿童中使用 ComiRNAty 后卫生部推迟了疫苗采购，但巴西已于 2022 年 1 月 15 日开始对该人群进行疫苗接种。然而，向各州提供儿科疫苗的后勤变化使得该人群的疫苗接种工作发生了变化。难以将 ComiRNAty 剂量运输到储存地点，增加了疫苗批次丢失的风险。 1 月 20 日，巴西监管机构还向 6 岁及以上儿童授予 CoronaVac 紧急使用授权。由布坦坦研究所与北京科兴公司合作生产的灭活病毒疫苗也受到总统通过演讲和社交媒体网络的批评。尽管有现有的科学证据 3 以及因 COVID-19 造成的生命损失，但卫生部 1 月 22 日发布的技术说明 (N 2/2022− SCTIE/MS) 将羟氯喹列为治疗 COVID-19 的有效和安全药物，并强调疫苗的功效和安全性并不......
Facing the dynamic and complex scenario of the COVID-19 outbreak, countries worldwide are expanding COVID-19 vaccination programs to include young children. Despite hospitalizations and deaths associated with COVID-19 in pediatric populations being less common, the disease has emerged as a novel cause of mortality for children and adolescents in poor communities. 1 In Brazil, the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (ComiRNAty) was authorized by the federal health regulator (ANVISA) for adolescents aged 12− 17 years on June 11, 2021, six months after the beginning of the national vaccination campaign. Still, Health Minister Marcelo Queiroga announced on September 16 the intent to halt COVID-19 vaccination for adolescents with no underlying conditions due to a death under investigation and concerns regarding adverse events in this age group, even though more than 3.5 million teens had already been immunized. Despite the doubts raised by President Bolsonaro and Health Minister Marcelo Queiroga, multiple randomised, controlled clinical studies and surveillance programs have supported vaccine safety for children and adolescents. Fortunately, the immunization of this age group was only temporarily halted and has progressed since then, and at least 25% have already received two doses. Recently, a new battle against COVID-19 in Brazil has been raging between ANVISA, scientists, antivaxxers, and federal authorities: the vaccination of children aged 5− 11 years. Soon after the authorization of the ComiRNAty vaccine by the regulatory authorities, Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro affirmed,“children have not been dying in a way that justifies a vaccine for children.” 2 This position was further supported by the Ministry of Health which held an unprecedented public hearing on the vaccination of children against COVID-19, including questions about whether the vaccine should be administered only with the consent of parents (or guardians) and medical prescription. Regrettably, this recommendation would exclude the poorest and most marginalized children with reduced access to healthcare services from the chance of vaccination. In his ongoing conflict with the federal health regulator, Bolsonaro has threatened to reveal the names of ANVISA officials responsible for approving the vaccine for children and has consistently cast doubts on the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines. Despite the downplaying of the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Brazilian children by the President, the unsupported allegations that vaccines can be dangerous for children and the delay in vaccine procurement by the Ministry of Health following the approval by the ANVISA for the use of ComiRNAty in children aged 5− 11 years on December 16, 2021, vaccination of this population began in Brazil on January 15, 2022. However, logistic changes in delivering pediatric doses to states have made it difficult to transport ComiRNAty doses to storage locations, increasing the risk of loss of vaccine batches. On January 20th, Brazilian regulators also granted emergency use authorization for children age 6 and older with CoronaVac. The inactivated-virus vaccine, produced by the Butantan Institute in partnership with the Beijing-based company Sinovac, has also been criticized by the President through speeches and social media networks. Even though the scientific evidence available 3 and the lives lost to COVID-19, a technical note (N 2/2022− SCTIE/MS) published by the Ministry of Health on January 22 classifies hydroxychloroquine as effective and safe for the treatment against COVID-19 and stresses that the efficacy and safety of vaccines are not …
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2116298
发表时间：
2022-01-06
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Walter EB;Talaat KR;Sabharwal C;Gurtman A;Lockhart S;Paulsen GC;Barnett ED;Muñoz FM;Maldonado Y;Pahud BA;Domachowske JB;Simões EAF;Sarwar UN;Kitchin N;Cunliffe L;Rojo P;Kuchar E;Rämet M;Munjal I;Perez JL;Frenck RW Jr;Lagkadinou E;Swanson KA;Ma H;Xu X;Koury K;Mather S;Belanger TJ;Cooper D;Türeci Ö;Dormitzer PR;Şahin U;Jansen KU;Gruber WC;C4591007 Clinical Trial Group
通讯作者：
C4591007 Clinical Trial Group
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Martins-Filho PR;Quintans-Júnior LJ;de Souza Araújo AA;Sposato KB;Souza Tavares CS;Gurgel RQ;Fontes Leite DC;de Paiva SM;Santos HP Jr;Santos VS
通讯作者：
Santos VS
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm7031e1
发表时间：
2021-08-06
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hause AM;Gee J;Baggs J;Abara WE;Marquez P;Thompson D;Su JR;Licata C;Rosenblum HG;Myers TR;Shimabukuro TT;Shay DK
通讯作者：
Shay DK
DOI：
10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00319-4
发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
The Lancet. Infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Han B;Song Y;Li C;Yang W;Ma Q;Jiang Z;Li M;Lian X;Jiao W;Wang L;Shu Q;Wu Z;Zhao Y;Li Q;Gao Q
通讯作者：
Gao Q
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2107456
发表时间：
2021-07-15
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Frenck RW Jr;Klein NP;Kitchin N;Gurtman A;Absalon J;Lockhart S;Perez JL;Walter EB;Senders S;Bailey R;Swanson KA;Ma H;Xu X;Koury K;Kalina WV;Cooper D;Jennings T;Brandon DM;Thomas SJ;Türeci Ö;Tresnan DB;Mather S;Dormitzer PR;Şahin U;Jansen KU;Gruber WC;C4591001 Clinical Trial Group
通讯作者：
C4591001 Clinical Trial Group