Pharmacological inactivation in the analysis of the central control of movement
Pharmacological inactivation in the analysis of the central control of movement
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-0270(98)00163-0
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Ghez, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin, JH;Ghez, C
在这篇综述中，我们描述了如何使用药物失活来阐明熟练肢体运动的中央控制。局麻药和河豚毒素阻断神经元细胞体和通过的纤维，而γ -氨基丁酸（GABA）和muscimol仅阻断细胞体。阻断诱导时间短（几分钟）。局麻药和GABA的阻断时间为15-60分钟，而河豚毒素和muscimol的阻断时间长达数天。我们描述了我们的药物注射系统，它有一个集成的微电极和一个观察口，用于视觉监测药物如何进入注射套管。我们用葡萄糖代谢来评估失活的程度。皮质内注射利多卡因或肌西莫尔产生一个最大代谢降低的中心核心（半径1毫米），这可能是由于药物扩散，周围是一个广泛的低代谢降低区域（几毫米），可能是由于从核心区域接收投射的神经元突触活动减少。药物注射离子仅抑制神经元活动，这与冷却相反，在冷却中，失活部位的周围可能存在神经元的高兴奋性。我们在有行为的动物身上进行的实验表明，药物失活是一种有效的分析工具，可以分析皮层下和皮层前肢表征对肢体运动控制的不同功能贡献。(C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.版权所有
In this review, we describe how pharmacological inactivation can be used to elucidate the central control of skilled limb movement. Local anesthetics and tetrodotoxin block neuronal cell bodies and passing fibers while gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and muscimol only block cell bodies. Blockade induction time is short (several minutes) for all the agents. Blockade duration produced by local anesthetics and GABA is 15-60 min, while that of tetrodotoxin and muscimol is up to several days. We describe our drug injection system, with an integrated microelectrode and a viewing port for visually monitoring drug how into the injection cannula. We used glucose metabolism to assess the extent of inactivation. Intracortical lidocaine or muscimol injection produces a central core of maximal hypometabolism (1 mm radius), which could be due to drug spread, surrounded by an extensive region (several millimeters) of reduced hypometabolism, possibly due to reduced synaptic activity of neurons receiving projections from the core region. Drug inject:ion only depresses neuronal activity, which contrasts with cooling, where there can be neuronal hyperexcitability at the periphery of the inactivation site. Our experiments in behaving animals show how pharmacological inactivation is an effective analytical tool for dissecting the differential functional contributions of subcortical and cortical forelimb representations to limb movement control. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.