Spectacle lens compensation in the pigmented guinea pig
Spectacle lens compensation in the pigmented guinea pig
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DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2008.10.008
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
McFadden, Sally A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howlett, Marcus H. C.;McFadden, Sally A.
当年轻的成长中的眼睛佩戴负或正眼镜透镜时，眼睛通过加速或减慢其伸长速率来补偿所施加的散焦，使得眼睛在透镜就位的情况下变得正视。这种眼镜透镜补偿已经在小鸡、树鼩、绒猴和恒河猴中得到证实。为了建立一种快速简便的哺乳动物模型，我们使用豚鼠开发了一种正视化模型。饲养豚鼠时，一只眼睛前方佩戴+4D、+2D、0 D（钢琴）、-2D或-4D透镜10天，或一只眼睛佩戴+4D镜片，对侧眼睛佩戴0 D镜片5天，或任一只眼睛不佩戴透镜（同窝对照）。在这些时期结束时测量屈光不正和眼距。两眼之间的屈光不正差异与所戴镜片度数呈线性相关。对+4D透镜的显著补偿反应仅在5天后发生，并且当有效施加的屈光不正在0 D和8D远视之间时，在10天后发生接近完全补偿。佩戴钢琴镜片的眼睛比他们的另一只眼睛稍微近视（-1.71）），但在眼长上没有差异。相对于钢琴组，正透镜和负透镜分别诱导双眼之间的相对远视或近视差异，抑制或加速其眼球生长，并扩大或减少脉络膜的相对厚度。在个别动物中，玻璃体腔深度和脉络膜厚度的眼睛之间的差异分别达到+/- 100和+/- 40 μ m，并且与诱导的屈光差异显著相关。虽然眼睛对正透镜和负透镜的反应不同，但正透镜通常矫正了这些年轻动物中存在的远视。在透镜就位的情况下，由透镜引起的有效屈光不正的范围在近视散焦的-2D到远视散焦的+10D之间，并且补偿在有效远视散焦的0 D和8D之间是高度线性的，超过该值补偿降低。我们的结论是，在豚鼠中，眼睛的生长和屈光不正的视觉调节在一个双向的方式，以正负透镜，但眼睛的反应，在一个分级的方式施加有效的远视散焦。皇冠版权所有（C）2008由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
When a young growing eye wears a negative or positive spectacle lens, the eye compensates for the imposed defocus by accelerating or slowing its elongation rate so that the eye becomes emmetropic with the lens in place. Such spectacle lens compensation has been shown in chicks, tree-shrews, marmosets and rhesus monkeys. We have developed a model of emmetropisation using the guinea pig in order to establish a rapid and easy mammalian model. Guinea pigs were raised with a +4D, +2D, 0D (piano), -2D or -4D lens worn in front of one eye for 10 days or a +4D on one eye and a 0D on the fellow eye for 5 days or no lens on either eye (littermate controls). Refractive error and ocular distances were measured at the end of these periods. The difference in refractive error between the eyes was linearly related to the lens-power worn. A significant compensatory response to a +4D lens occurred after only 5 days and near full compensation occurred after 10 days when the effective imposed refractive error was between 0D and 8D of hyperopia. Eyes wearing piano lenses were slightly more myopic than their fellow eyes (-1.71)) but showed no difference in ocular length. Relative to the piano group, plus and minus lenses induced relative hyperopic or myopic differences between the two eyes, inhibited or accelerated their ocular growth, and expanded or decreased the relative thickness of the choroid, respectively. In individual animals, the difference between the eyes in vitreous chamber depth and choroid thickness reached +/- 100 and +/- 40 mu m, respectively, and was significantly correlated with the induced refractive differences. Although eyes responded differentially to plus and minus lenses, the plus lenses generally corrected the hyperopia present in these young animals. The effective refractive error induced by the lenses ranged between -2D of myopic defocus to +10D of hyperopic defocus with the lens in place, and compensation was highly linear between 0D and 8D of effective hyperopic defocus, beyond which the compensation was reduced. We conclude that in the guinea pig, ocular growth and refractive error are visually regulated in a bidirectional manner to plus and minus lenses, but that the eye responds in a graded manner to imposed effective hyperopic defocus. Crown Copyright (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.