Mechanisms controlling persistent South Atlantic Convergence Zone events on intraseasonal timescales

Mechanisms controlling persistent South Atlantic Convergence Zone events on intraseasonal timescales
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在季节内时间尺度上控制持续的南大西洋辐合区事件的机制

DOI:
10.1007/s00704-023-04375-7
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Veiga, Sandro F.
Veiga, Sandro F.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fialho, Wendell M.;Carvalho, Leila M.;Gan, Manoel A.;Veiga, Sandro F.

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南大西洋辐合带是南美洲季风系统的重要组成部分。它的特点是一个持续的对流带,西北-东南方向,从热带南美洲延伸到西南大西洋。南部ACZ表现出显着的空间和时间变化,并在调节降水强度和生活在南美洲的数百万人的总量中发挥着关键作用。本研究探讨机制解释持续SACZ事件(超过7天),往往会导致洪水和山体滑坡。分析时间从1996年10月至2014年4月。为了探讨这些事件的亚季节预测的潜力,本研究侧重于季节内时间尺度(20-90天)的机制。我们表明,持续SACZ事件之前,在南太平洋的半静止中纬度Rossby波列与一个等效的正压结构,转向赤道后,穿越南美洲的副热带纬度。这些事件的一个显著特征是,在事件发生之前,智利海岸向西的南太平洋中纬度地区的一个槽加强了。此外,气旋性持续异常与波列在西南大西洋组织海洋SACZ前6至7天的事件。与此同时,在南美洲海岸附近的南南极活动区以南(30°S至50°S之间)出现了一个持续的负海面温度异常区,这可能是气旋环流与海洋南南极活动区之间的耦合造成的。总之,这些过程加强了低层西风对SACZ赤道一侧,导致大陆SACZ加强持续异常气旋环流和增强的东南向陆地上的水分输送。因此,大陆上空的对流增加,南部气候区长期保持活跃。虽然较短的SACZ事件(4天)出现与中纬度波列的存在,其短暂的性质导致明显的耦合效应。这些观测结果与预测长期SACZ事件有关。
The South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) is an important component of the South American Monsoon System. It is characterized by a persistent convective band with northwest-southeast orientation extending from tropical South America to Southwestern South Atlantic. The SACZ exhibits remarkable spatial and temporal variability and plays a critical role in regulating precipitation intensity and totals for millions of people living in South America. This study investigates mechanisms explaining persistent SACZ events (longer than 7 days) that often cause floods and landslides. This analysis extends from October 1996 to April 2014. To investigate the potential for subseasonal forecast of these events, this study focuses on mechanisms on intraseasonal timescales (20–90 days). We show that persistent SACZ events are preceded by a semi-stationary midlatitude Rossby wave train over the South Pacific with an equivalent barotropic structure that turns equatorward after crossing subtropical latitudes of South America. One distinctive feature of these events is the intensification of a trough in midlatitudes South Pacific westward of the Chilean coast preceding the events. Moreover, cyclonic persistent anomalies associated with the wave train over the western South Atlantic organize the oceanic SACZ six to 7 days before the events. Concomitantly, a persistent region with negative sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies emerges southward of the SACZ (between 30°S and 50°S) adjacent to the South American coast, likely resulting from the coupling between cyclonic circulation and the oceanic SACZ. Together, these processes strengthen the low-level westerlies on the SACZ equatorward side, causing the continental SACZ to intensify sustained by anomalous cyclonic circulation and enhanced southeastward moisture transport over land. Consequently, convection increases over the continent and the SACZ maintains active for long periods. Although shorter SACZ events (4 days) appear associated with the presence of a midlatitude wave train, their transient nature leads to distinct coupling effects. These observations are relevant for predicting long-lasting SACZ events.
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影响因子: --
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期刊:
影响因子: --
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