New Insights into Pedestrian Flow Through Bottlenecks
New Insights into Pedestrian Flow Through Bottlenecks
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DOI：
10.1287/trsc.1090.0263
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Klingsch, Wolfram
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seyfried, Armin;Passon, Oliver;Klingsch, Wolfram
容量估算是行人设施设计和规划的重要工具。文献中包含不同的程序和规范，在估计流量值方面显示出相当大的差异。此外，新的实验数据表明，容量随宽度逐步增长，从而挑战了特定流概念的有效性。为了解决这些差异，我们在实验室条件下实验研究了通过瓶颈的单向行人流。给出了不同宽度的瓶颈中单个速度、密度和单个时间间隙等量的时间发展。数据显示流量随宽度呈线性增长。结果与其他作者的实验数据的比较表明，瓶颈容量估计的基本假设需要修正。与大多数规划指南相反，我们的主要结果是，即使进入的流量没有超过根据基本图所定义的最大流量的容量，也会发生堵塞。
Capacity estimation is an important tool for the design and dimensioning of pedestrian facilities. The literature contains different procedures and specifications that show considerable differences with respect to the estimated flow values. Moreover, new experimental data indicate a stepwise growth of capacity with width and thus challenge the validity of the specific flow concept. To resolve these differences, we experimentally studied the unidirectional pedestrian flow through bottlenecks under laboratory conditions. The time development of quantities such as individual velocities, density, and individual time gaps in bottlenecks of different widths is presented. The data show a linear growth of flow with width. The comparison of the results with experimental data from other authors indicates that the basic assumption of the capacity estimation for bottlenecks has to be revised. In contrast to most planning guidelines, our main result is that a jam occurs even if the incoming flow does not overstep the capacity defined by the maximum flow according to the fundamental diagram.