The Role of Noncriterial Recollection in Estimating Recollection and Familiarity.
The Role of Noncriterial Recollection in Estimating Recollection and Familiarity.
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非标准记忆在估计记忆和熟悉度中的作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2007.03.003
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Parks,ColleenM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parks,ColleenM
非标准回忆（ncR）是对与任务要求无关的细节的回忆。它已被证明可以提高熟悉度估计，并且在功能上等同于过程解离程序中的熟悉度[Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1996)。非标准回忆：熟悉是自动的、无关紧要的回忆。意识和认知，5, 131–141.]。然而，Toth 和 Parks [Toth, J. P., & Parks, C. M. (2006)。年龄对过程分离过程中估计熟悉度的影响：非标准回忆的作用。 Memory &Cognition, 34, 527–537.] 发现老年人中没有 ncR，并假设这种缺失与老年人的标准记忆缺陷有关。为了检验这一假设，以及 ncR 是否在功能上等同于熟悉度并增加熟悉度的主观体验，使用记忆-知道和置信度评级方法来估计年轻人、处于分散注意力状态的年轻人（实验 1）和老年人的回忆和熟悉度。支持托特和帕克斯的假设，所有组中都发现了 ncR，但对于标准记忆较高的组来说，ncR 始终较大。反应分布和接受者操作特征进一步揭示了与标准记忆的相似性，并表明 ncR 既没有增强熟悉的体验，也没有增强熟悉的有用性。总体而言，结果表明 ncR 与标准记忆没有根本区别。
Noncriterial recollection (ncR) is recollection of details that are irrelevant to task demands. It has been shown to elevate familiarity estimates and to be functionally equivalent to familiarity in the process dissociation procedure [Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Noncriterial recollection: Familiarity as automatic, irrelevant recollection. Consciousness and Cognition, 5, 131–141.]. However, Toth and Parks [Toth, J. P., & Parks, C. M. (2006). Effects of age on estimated familiarity in the process-dissociation procedure: The role of noncriterial recollection. Memory &Cognition, 34, 527–537.] found no ncR in older adults, and hypothesized that this absence was related to older adults’ criterial recollection deficit. To test this hypothesis, as well as whether ncR is functionally equivalent to familiarity and increases the subjective experience of familiarity, remember-know and confidence-rating methods were used to estimate recollection and familiarity with young adults, young adults in a divided-attention condition (Experiment 1), and older adults. Supporting Toth and Parks’ hypothesis, ncR was found in all groups, but was consistently larger for groups with higher criterial recollection. Response distributions and receiver-operating characteristics revealed further similarities to criterial recollection and suggested that neither the experience nor usefulness of familiarity was enhanced by ncR. Overall, the results suggest that ncR does not differ fundamentally from criterial recollection.