Place and informal care in an ageing society : reviewing the state of the art in geographical gerontology
Place and informal care in an ageing society : reviewing the state of the art in geographical gerontology
复制标题
老龄化社会中的场所和非正式护理：回顾地理老年学的最新进展
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yanjun Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Milligan;Yanjun Liu
谁来照顾我们脆弱的老年人口，在许多高收入国家的政策制定者和从业者努力应对寿命延长对经济和福利的影响时，在哪里迅速成为一个关键问题。当然，这种人口结构的转变是一个重大的成功故事。然而，预期寿命的增加也带来了老年人，特别是高龄老人人数的增加，他们患有多种疾病，从事日常生活中的工具性活动的能力下降，而这些活动对维持晚年生活的独立性和尊严至关重要。与此同时，我们的政策和做法，已由为长者提供住宿或院舍照顾，转为以“在原地安老”为重点。在这里，老年人将得到支持，尽可能长时间地留在自己的家中。从概念上讲，这意味着以前在单一机构环境中提供的服务和护理已经重新设计，以便在家庭环境中提供，在家庭环境中，体弱的老年人也将受益于家人、朋友和邻居的非正式护理支持。一方面，这意味着许多老年人受益于家庭环境中提供的护理所带来的熟悉感、安全感和支持;另一方面，家庭结构的变化、社区的减少以及在经济紧缩时代全面削减保健和福利，使越来越多的老年人越来越孤独、孤立和处于危险之中。了解谁在照顾，在哪里，照顾的形式以及我们的老年人如何不同地经历这一点，一直是对健康和老龄化感兴趣的地理学家越来越关注的问题。在本文中，我回顾了当前的“艺术状态”的地理老年学周围的非正式护理和家庭，并说明了那些在这一领域的工作是如何作出重要贡献，多学科的辩论，我们的老年人口的护理。
Who cares for our frail older populations and where is fast becoming a critical issue for policy-makers and practitioners in many high income countries as they grapple with the economic and welfare implications of increasing longevity. This demographic shift is, of course, a major success story. However, increased life expectancy is also bringing with it a growth in those numbers of older people, particularly the oldest old, who are experiencing multiple morbidities and a declining ability to undertake those instrumental activities of daily life (IADLs) that are so important to maintaining independence and dignity in later life. At the same time, policy and practice has shifted away from residential or institutional care for our older population to focus on ‘ageing in place’. Here, older people are to be supported to remain within their own homes for as long as possible. Conceptually, this has meant that services and care previously delivered within a single institutional environment, have been redesigned for delivery within domestic settings where frail older people would also benefit from the informal care support from family, friends and neighbours. On the one hand, this has meant that many older people have benefited from the familiarity, sense of safety and support that care provided within the domestic setting has engendered; on the other, changing family structures, a decline in community and sweeping health and welfare cuts in an era of economic austerity have left growing numbers of older people increasingly lonely, isolated and at risk. Understanding who cares, where, the form that care takes and how this is being differentially experienced by our older populations have been issues of growing concern for geographers interested in health and ageing. In this paper I review the current ‘state of the art’ of geographical gerontology around informal care and the home and illustrate how those working in this field are making an important contribution to multidisciplinary debates around care of our older populations.