"Their Maxim is Vestigia Nulla Restrorsum": Scottish Return Migration and Capital Repatriation from England, 1603-c.1760
"Their Maxim is Vestigia Nulla Restrorsum": Scottish Return Migration and Capital Repatriation from England, 1603-c.1760
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“他们的格言是 Vestigia Nulla Restorsum”：苏格兰回返移民和资本从英格兰遣返，1603 年至 1760 年
DOI：
10.1093/jsh/shx051
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Brown K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown K
近几十年来，移民返回原籍地的问题一直受到重要的理论探讨，但迄今为止，根据历史数据对所得模型进行的测试仍然有限，并且主要依赖于 19 世纪和 20 世纪的证据。本文以这些基础为基础，详细分析了十七世纪和十八世纪初影响苏格兰移民到英格兰的回程移民过程。文章借鉴社会科学的理论见解，并考察了广泛的实证证据，对回返移民进行了分类，分为六类：循环移民、以自我提升为目的的暂时居留移民、退休回国移民、利用家乡就业机会回国的移民、失败的回国人员和被迫流亡归国的移民。然而文章的结论是，纳入这个框架的个人故事并没有构成一个有意义的整体趋势，而且总的来说，苏格兰移民更有可能在英格兰永久定居，而不是制定回国策略。这种模式为近代早期的盎格鲁-苏格兰一体化进程提供了重要的启示，因为苏格兰移民定居而不是返回家园的倾向表明了英国社会对某些外来者的相对开放，同时也许矛盾的是，也凸显了新兴英国国家坚定的英国化习语。
The return of migrants to their places of origin has been subject to significant theoretical enquiry in recent decades, but testing the resulting modeling against historical data has so far been limited and reliant mainly on nineteenth- and twentieth-century evidence. This article builds upon these foundations by offering detailed analysis of the process of return migration as it affected Scottish migrants to England in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. Drawing on theoretical insights from social science and examining a broad range of empirical evidence, the article offers a typology of six categories of return migrants: circular migrants, migrants who intended a temporary stay aimed at self-improvement, those returning to retire, migrants returning to take advantage of employment opportunities at home, failed returnees, and those returning from forced exile. Yet the article concludes that the individual stories incorporated within this framework did not add up to a meaningful overall trend and that, in general, Scottish migrants were more likely to settle permanently in England than to enact returning strategies. This pattern sheds significant light on the process of Anglo-Scottish integration in the early modern period, since the tendency of Scottish migrants to settle rather than return home demonstrates the relative openness of English society to certain incomers, while also, perhaps paradoxically, highlighting the firmly Anglicized idiom of the emergent British state.