Dietary shifts across biogeographic scales alter spatial subsidy dynamics

Dietary shifts across biogeographic scales alter spatial subsidy dynamics
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跨生物地理尺度的饮食变化改变了空间补贴动态

DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.2980
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Fodrie, F. Joel
Fodrie, F. Joel
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ziegler, Shelby L.;Able, Kenneth W.;Fodrie, F. Joel

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在异质景观中,生物和能量跨越生态边界移动,这可能对整个生态系统的功能产生深远的影响。沿着栖息地边界的非生物和生物因素可能促进或阻碍驱动这些能量流的关键物种相互作用,特别是沿着陆地-海洋界面。我们综合了详细介绍美国东部和海湾海岸河口鱼类饮食和盐沼生境特征的文献,以确定陆海界面跨界营养转移的模式和驱动因素。值得注意的是,沼泽平台物种(即,在墨西哥湾的瞬时河口鱼类的饮食中几乎不存在淡水鱼(包括淡水鱼、淡水鱼、淡水鱼和淡水鱼),而沿着南大西洋和中大西洋海湾,沼泽平台物种经常出现在许多瞬时河口鱼类的饮食中。潮汐幅度在这三个海洋地理区域变化,并可能通过海洋捕食者进入沼泽表面和沼泽居民猎物进入邻近河口(即,更高的潮汐幅度增加捕食者-猎物遭遇率)。令人惊讶的是,沼泽芽密度与饮食中的沼泽平台物种的存在呈正相关,但这种模式似乎是由潮汐振幅增加介导的,这表明非生物周期的模式和周期性驱动短暂的河口鱼类的饮食结构比当地栖息地结构复杂性。随后,这些过程可能会影响到“营养接力”移动能量从沼泽到开放的河口的程度。了解决定能量流、空间补贴以及最终生态系统水平生产力的动态,对于实施基于生态系统的整体方法来保护和管理复杂的景观马赛克至关重要。
Over heterogeneous landscapes, organisms and energy move across ecological boundaries and this can have profound effects on overall ecosystem functioning. Both abiotic and biotic factors along habitat boundaries may facilitate or impede key species interactions that drive these energy flows—especially along the land–sea interface. We synthesized the literature detailing estuarine fish diets and habitat characteristics of salt marshes from U.S. East and Gulf coasts to determine patterns and drivers of cross‐boundary trophic transfers at the land–sea interface. Notably, marsh‐platform species (i.e., killifishes, fiddler crabs) appear virtually absent in the diets of transient estuarine fishes in the Gulf of Mexico, while along the South Atlantic and Mid‐Atlantic Bights, marsh‐platform species appear regularly in the diets of many transient estuarine fishes. Tidal amplitude varied across these three biogeographic regions and likely regulates the availability of marsh‐platform species to transient estuarine fishes via both access to the marsh surface for marine predators and emergence of marsh‐resident prey into the adjacent estuary (i.e., higher tidal amplitude increases predator–prey encounter rates). Surprisingly, marsh shoot density was positively correlated with the presence of marsh‐platform species in the diet, but this pattern appears to be mediated by increased tidal amplitude, suggesting the mode and periodicity of abiotic cycles drive diet structure of transient estuarine fishes more so than local habitat structural complexity. Subsequently, these processes likely influence the degree to which “trophic relay” moves energy from the marsh toward the open estuary. Understanding the dynamics that determine energy flows, spatial subsidies, and ultimately, ecosystem‐level productivity, is essential for implementation of holistic ecosystem‐based approaches to conserve and manage complex landscape mosaics.
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