Evolutionary impact assessment: accounting for evolutionary consequences of fishing in an ecosystem approach to fisheries management.
Evolutionary impact assessment: accounting for evolutionary consequences of fishing in an ecosystem approach to fisheries management.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/faf.12007
复制
发表时间：
2014-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dieckmann U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laugen AT;Engelhard GH;Whitlock R;Arlinghaus R;Dankel DJ;Dunlop ES;Eikeset AM;Enberg K;Jørgensen C;Matsumura S;Nusslé S;Urbach D;Baulier L;Boukal DS;Ernande B;Johnston FD;Mollet F;Pardoe H;Therkildsen NO;Uusi-Heikkilä S;Vainikka A;Heino M;Rijnsdorp AD;Dieckmann U
管理渔业资源以维持健康的生态系统是渔业生态系统方法的主要目标之一。虽然一些国际条约要求实施EAF，但在基本方法上仍然存在差距。最近受到大量科学关注的一个方面是蜜蜂诱导的进化（FIE）。越来越多的证据表明，密集捕捞有可能对被捕捞鱼类的生活史特征、行为、生理和形态产生强烈的定向选择。特别令人关切的是，扭转对捕鱼的进化反应可能比扭转人口或表型可塑性反应要困难得多。此外，与气候变化一样，多种因素导致外商投资企业，其影响随着时间的推移而积累。因此，外商投资企业可能会改变鱼类资源的效用，从而改变水生生物资源为社会提供的货币价值。因此，从生态和经济的角度来看，量化和预测捕鱼的进化影响很重要。没有这样做的一个重要原因是缺乏适当的评估框架。因此，我们描述的演变影响评估（EvoIA）作为一个结构化的方法，评估渔业的演变后果和评估替代管理方案的预测演变结果。EvoIA可以通过澄清进化如何改变种群特性和生态关系来促进EAF，通过解决以前被忽视的不确定性和风险来源来支持渔业管理的预防性方法，从而促进可持续渔业。
Managing fisheries resources to maintain healthy ecosystems is one of the main goals of the ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF). While a number of international treaties call for the implementation of EAF, there are still gaps in the underlying methodology. One aspect that has received substantial scientific attention recently is fisheries-induced evolution (FIE). Increasing evidence indicates that intensive fishing has the potential to exert strong directional selection on life-history traits, behaviour, physiology, and morphology of exploited fish. Of particular concern is that reversing evolutionary responses to fishing can be much more difficult than reversing demographic or phenotypically plastic responses. Furthermore, like climate change, multiple agents cause FIE, with effects accumulating over time. Consequently, FIE may alter the utility derived from fish stocks, which in turn can modify the monetary value living aquatic resources provide to society. Quantifying and predicting the evolutionary effects of fishing is therefore important for both ecological and economic reasons. An important reason this is not happening is the lack of an appropriate assessment framework. We therefore describe the evolutionary impact assessment (EvoIA) as a structured approach for assessing the evolutionary consequences of fishing and evaluating the predicted evolutionary outcomes of alternative management options. EvoIA can contribute to EAF by clarifying how evolution may alter stock properties and ecological relations, support the precautionary approach to fisheries management by addressing a previously overlooked source of uncertainty and risk, and thus contribute to sustainable fisheries.