Life cycle stages of the amphibian chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Life cycle stages of the amphibian chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
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DOI：
10.3354/dao068051
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发表时间：
2005-12-30
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Longcore, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berger, L;Hyatt, AD;Longcore, JE
概述了两栖动物壶菌病的原因——水蛭壶菌的形态和生命周期。我们使用了一系列方法来检查培养和青蛙皮肤的生命周期阶段，并评估2只青蛙皮肤的超微结构病理学。方法包括光镜、透射电镜常规方法以及高压冷冻和冷冻替代，扫描电镜临界点干燥以及大块冷冻和冻裂材料的检查。虽然壶菌病是一种新出现的疾病，但树突双歧杆菌具有适应性，表明它早已进化到生活在分层表皮动态组织的细胞内。孢子囊发育的速度与细胞成熟的速度一致，真菌排出管通常在角质层表皮细胞的远端表面打开。孢子囊周围有浓缩的纤维状寄主细胞质带。角化过度可能是由于(1)增生性反应导致表皮细胞周转量增加，(2)感染细胞过早角化和死亡。
An overview of the morphology and life cycle of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, the cause of chytridiomycosis of amphibians, is presented. We used a range of methods to examine stages of the life cycle in culture and in frog skin, and to assess ultrastructural pathology in the skin of 2 frogs. Methods included light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy with conventional methods as well as high pressure freezing and freeze substitution, and scanning electron microscopy with critical point drying as well as examination of bulk-frozen and freeze-fractured material. Although chytridiomycosis is an emerging disease, B. dendrobatidis has adaptations that suggest it has long been evolved to live within cells in the dynamic tissue of the stratified epidermis. Sporangia developed at a rate that coincided with the maturation of the cell, and fungal discharge tubes usually opened onto the distal surface of epidermal cells of the stratum corneum. A zone of condensed, fibrillar, host cytoplasm surrounded some sporangia. Hyperkeratosis may be due to (1) a hyperplastic response that leads to an increased turnover of epidermal cells, and (2) premature keratinization and death of infected cells.