Phylotranscriptomic Insights into the Diversification of Endothermic Thunnus Tunas.
Phylotranscriptomic Insights into the Diversification of Endothermic Thunnus Tunas.
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msy198
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Savolainen V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ciezarek AG;Osborne OG;Shipley ON;Brooks EJ;Tracey SR;McAllister JD;Gardner LD;Sternberg MJE;Block B;Savolainen V
鸟类、哺乳动物以及某些鱼类，包括金枪鱼、月鱼和鼠鲨目鲨鱼，是恒温动物，它们保存体内产生的代谢热以维持身体或组织温度高于环境温度。蓝鳍金枪鱼在世界范围内是具有重要商业价值的鱼类，一些种群受到威胁。它们以其恒温性而闻名，能维持氧化运动肌肉、内脏、大脑和眼睛的高温，并栖息在寒冷但高产的高纬度水域。相比之下，耐寒性较差的金枪鱼，如黄鳍金枪鱼，全年都待在暖温带至热带水域，繁殖速度比大多数温带蓝鳍金枪鱼种群更快，在面对大规模工业化捕捞时具有更强的恢复能力。尽管这些特性不仅对渔业，而且对栖息地利用和对气候变化的响应都很重要，但人们对金枪鱼多样化背后的遗传过程知之甚少。在收集和分析29556个基因的序列数据时，我们发现对现有遗传变异的平行选择与蓝鳍金枪鱼的恒温进化有关。这包括在编码甘油 - 3 - 磷酸脱氢酶的基因中的两个共同替换，甘油 - 3 - 磷酸脱氢酶是一种有助于大黄蜂和哺乳动物产热的酶，以及参与三羧酸循环、氧化磷酸化、β - 氧化和超氧化物清除的四个基因。利用系统发育技术，我们进一步表明八种金枪鱼属物种在基因上是不同的，但发现了两个物种之间线粒体基因组基因渗入的证据。基于系统发育的指标强调了对其中一些物种的保护需求。
Birds, mammals, and certain fishes, including tunas, opahs and lamnid sharks, are endothermic, conserving internally generated, metabolic heat to maintain body or tissue temperatures above that of the environment. Bluefin tunas are commercially important fishes worldwide, and some populations are threatened. They are renowned for their endothermy, maintaining elevated temperatures of the oxidative locomotor muscle, viscera, brain and eyes, and occupying cold, productive high-latitude waters. Less cold-tolerant tunas, such as yellowfin tuna, by contrast, remain in warm-temperate to tropical waters year-round, reproducing more rapidly than most temperate bluefin tuna populations, providing resiliency in the face of large-scale industrial fisheries. Despite the importance of these traits to not only fisheries but also habitat utilization and responses to climate change, little is known of the genetic processes underlying the diversification of tunas. In collecting and analyzing sequence data across 29,556 genes, we found that parallel selection on standing genetic variation is associated with the evolution of endothermy in bluefin tunas. This includes two shared substitutions in genes encoding glycerol-3 phosphate dehydrogenase, an enzyme that contributes to thermogenesis in bumblebees and mammals, as well as four genes involved in the Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, β-oxidation, and superoxide removal. Using phylogenetic techniques, we further illustrate that the eight Thunnus species are genetically distinct, but found evidence of mitochondrial genome introgression across two species. Phylogeny-based metrics highlight conservation needs for some of these species.
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DOI：
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