Mapping urban residential density patterns: Compact city model in Melbourne, Australia
Mapping urban residential density patterns: Compact city model in Melbourne, Australia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ccs.2013.03.001
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Chhetri;J. Han;S. Chandra;J. Corcoran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Chhetri;J. Han;S. Chandra;J. Corcoran
倡导“紧凑城市”概念作为一项战略，以减少城市扩张，支持更多地利用现有的基础设施和服务，在更成熟的地区，并改善就业和交通枢纽的连通性，在城市研究中进行了激烈的辩论。以城市住宅密度作为衡量城市紧凑性的替代指标，运用地理空间技术对澳大利亚墨尔本的地籍数据库进行实证研究，以获取城市住宅密度模式的变化。本文探讨了墨尔本2030规划中紧凑城市政策密度方面的实现。为追求更紧凑的城市而实行的密集化政策产生了好坏参半的结果。研究结果表明，墨尔本CBD周边缓冲区的城市密度存在显著差异。令人惊讶的是，内郊区的住宅数量不断减少，内外区的人口迅速稠密，城市发展遵循的模式与政策变化后预期的模式形成鲜明对比。相反，前两个区域之间的指定活动中心周围的居住密度在统计上是微不足道的-质疑紧凑型城市模式的根本目的是增加重要经济和交通枢纽周围的居住密度。在分析中观察到的“空心化效应”（即住宅密度的局部降低）使我们有必要进一步检查数据输入的质量，特别是将多层开发和土地细分编码到地籍数据库中。
The advocacy of the notion of ‘compact city’ as a strategy to reduce urban sprawl, to support greater utilisation of existing infrastructure and services in more established areas and to improve connectivity of employment and transit hubs is vigorously debated in urban research. Using the urban residential density as a surrogate measure for urban compactness, this paper empirically examines the cadastre database that contains details of every property in order to capture changes in urban residential density patterns in Melbourne, Australia using geospatial techniques. The paper discusses the realisation of the density aspect of compact city policy implemented in Melbourne 2030 Plan. The policy of densification in pursuit of a more compact city has produced mixed results. The findings of this study indicate that urban densities across the buffer zones around Melbourne CBD are significantly different. The dwindling dwelling counts in the inner suburbs and a rapid densification of the inner outer zone is surprising, with urban development following contrasting patterns to what was anticipated to emerge after such a policy change. Contrary, the dwelling density around the designated Activity Centres between the first two zones are statistically insignificant – questioning the fundamental purpose of the compact city model to increase the residential density around significant economic and transit hubs. The ‘hollowing effect’ (i.e. a localised reduction in dwelling densities) observed in the analysis around inner suburbs necessitates us to further examine the quality of data input particularly the coding of multi-storey developments and land sub-divisions into the cadastre database.