Evidence for pollinator cost and farming benefits of neonicotinoid seed coatings on oilseed rape.
Evidence for pollinator cost and farming benefits of neonicotinoid seed coatings on oilseed rape.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep12574
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发表时间：
2015-08-13
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Pietravalle S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Budge GE;Garthwaite D;Crowe A;Boatman ND;Delaplane KS;Brown MA;Thygesen HH;Pietravalle S
长期接触新烟碱类杀虫剂在个体和群体层面上都与授粉昆虫存活率下降有关，但到目前为止还只是在实验上。缺乏对大规模数据集的分析，以调查新烟碱类药物的使用与传粉者死亡率之间的真实联系。此外，新烟碱种衣剂在减少后续叶面喷洒杀虫剂和增加作物产量方面的影响尚不清楚，尽管这种做法被认为是推动广泛使用的好处。在这里，我们结合了对油菜的大规模杀虫剂使用和产量观察，以及那些详细描述了11年蜜蜂群体损失的数据，并揭示了蜜蜂群体损失与英格兰和威尔士全国范围内的吡虫啉(一种新烟碱)使用模式之间的相关性。我们还提供了第一个证据，表明使用新烟碱种衣剂的农民减少了随后喷洒叶面杀虫剂的次数，并可能获得经济回报。我们的结果为社会关于大量开花作物预防性使用新烟碱的传粉者成本和耕作效益的讨论提供了信息。
Chronic exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides has been linked to reduced survival of pollinating insects at both the individual and colony level, but so far only experimentally. Analyses of large-scale datasets to investigate the real-world links between the use of neonicotinoids and pollinator mortality are lacking. Moreover, the impacts of neonicotinoid seed coatings in reducing subsequent applications of foliar insecticide sprays and increasing crop yield are not known, despite the supposed benefits of this practice driving widespread use. Here, we combine large-scale pesticide usage and yield observations from oilseed rape with those detailing honey bee colony losses over an 11 year period, and reveal a correlation between honey bee colony losses and national-scale imidacloprid (a neonicotinoid) usage patterns across England and Wales. We also provide the first evidence that farmers who use neonicotinoid seed coatings reduce the number of subsequent applications of foliar insecticide sprays and may derive an economic return. Our results inform the societal discussion on the pollinator costs and farming benefits of prophylactic neonicotinoid usage on a mass flowering crop.