Assessment of Daily Food and Nutrient Intake in Japanese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Dietary Reference Intakes
Assessment of Daily Food and Nutrient Intake in Japanese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Dietary Reference Intakes
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DOI：
10.3390/nu5072276
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Kido, Yasuhiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kobayashi, Yukiko;Hattori, Mikako;Kido, Yasuhiro
用于糖尿病管理的医学营养治疗在预防糖尿病并发症和管理代谢控制方面发挥着重要作用。然而，人们对 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者的实际饮食习惯知之甚少，尤其是在日本。因此，我们试图 (1) 评估 T2DM 患者的膳食摄入量，以及 (2) 相对于国家建议来描述他们的摄入量。这项横断面研究涉及京都一家医院招募的 149 名 40-79 岁 T2DM 患者（77 名男性和 72 名女性）。使用经过验证的自我管理饮食史调查问卷评估膳食摄入量。将营养素摄入不足、充足和过度摄入与日本膳食参考摄入量的基于年龄和性别的标准进行比较。其中，最值得注意的是（1）男性饮食中维生素和矿物质的摄入不足，这可能是由于蔬菜和水果的摄入量低所致； (2) 两性脂肪摄入量对总能量的贡献过多； (3) 相对于全国平均水平，糖果和饮料的消费量过多。由于 T2DM 患者的典型饮食摄入量与饮食推荐之间存在巨大差距，糖尿病并发症的患病率可能会增加。
Medical nutrition therapy for the management of diabetes plays an important role in preventing diabetes complications and managing metabolic control. However, little is known about actual eating habits of individuals with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), especially in Japan. Therefore, we sought to (1) assess the dietary intake of individuals with T2DM, and (2) characterize their intake relative to national recommendations. This cross-sectional study involved 149 patients (77 males and 72 females) aged 40-79 years with T2DM recruited at a Kyoto hospital. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Under-consumption, adequacy, and over-consumption, of nutrients were compared to the age- and sex-based standards of the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes. Among the results, most notable are (1) the inadequacy of diets in men with respect to intake of vitamins and minerals, likely owing to low intake of vegetables and fruits; (2) excess contributions of fat intake to total energy in both sexes; and (3) excess consumption of sweets and beverages relative to the national average. The prevalence of diabetes complications may be increasing because of a major gap between the typical dietary intake of individuals with T2DM and dietary recommendation.