Phenology in adult and larval Lepidoptera from structured and unstructured surveys across eastern North America
Phenology in adult and larval Lepidoptera from structured and unstructured surveys across eastern North America
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DOI：
10.21425/f5fbg56346
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发表时间：
2023-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hurlbert, Allen H.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Di Cecco, Grace J.;Belitz, Michael W.;Hurlbert, Allen H.
毛虫（鳞翅目幼虫）是森林生态系统营养网络中必不可少的一环，因为它们是植被的食草动物和许多生物的食物来源。毛虫、寄主植物或捕食者之间的物候不匹配可能对多个营养水平产生负面影响。气候变化可能影响毛虫羽化和高峰发生的季节时间，但由于缺乏数据可用性，在大空间尺度上研究毛虫物候具有挑战性。在这里，我们研究了毛毛虫观察的两个来源，来自iNaturalist的机会性记录和对森林毛毛虫的结构化调查，并比较了这些数据集中的物候模式在幼虫数据集和更多的成年蝴蝶记录中是否一致。尽管这三个数据集之间存在很大的分类学差异，但我们发现数据集之间的早春和晚春模式是一致的。然而，这些数据集在捕获春季温度升高的物候反应方面确实有所不同。更多的数据丰富的自然主义者毛虫和成年蝴蝶的记录可以为森林毛虫的年际偏差提供一个合理的代理，然而，需要扩大结构化的调查工作，以捕捉其他生态重要指标的变化模式，如丰度和生物量。
Caterpillars (larval Lepidoptera) are an essential link in trophic networks of forest ecosystems, as they serve as herbivores of vegetation and a food source for many organisms. Phenological mismatches between caterpillars, host plants, or predators may have negative effects across multiple trophic levels. Seasonal timing of caterpillar emergence and peak occurrence may be impacted by climate change, however, studying caterpillar phenology at broad spatial scales is challenging due to lack of data availability. Here, we examine two sources of caterpillar observations, opportunistic records from iNaturalist and structured surveys of forest caterpillars, and compare whether phenology patterns in these datasets are consistent across larval datasets and with more numerous records of adult butterflies. Despite substantial taxonomic differences between these three datasets, we found concurrence in patterns of early and late years in spring onset between datasets. However, the datasets do differ in how well they capture phenological responses to warmer spring temperatures. More data -rich iNaturalist caterpillar and adult butterfly records may provide a reasonable proxy of interannual deviations in forest caterpillars, however, expansions in structured survey efforts are needed to capture changing patterns in other ecologically important measures such as abundance and biomass.