Nonword repetition by children with cochlear implants: Accuracy ratings from normal-hearing listeners
Nonword repetition by children with cochlear implants: Accuracy ratings from normal-hearing listeners
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DOI：
10.1044/1092-4388(2004/082
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Pisoni, DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dillon, CM;Burkholder, RA;Pisoni, DB
76名植入人工耳蜗的儿童完成了一项非单词重复任务。通过扩音器向孩子们展示了20种非单词的听觉模式，并要求他们向实验者大声重复这些模式。孩子们的反应被记录在数字录音带上，然后回放给听力正常的成年听众，以获得7分制的准确度评级。通过这些知觉准确率来衡量儿童的非单词重复表现，在很大程度上可以通过他们在独立收集的言语感知、言语排练速度和言语产出方面的表现来预测。影响最大的变量是语速，人们普遍认为语速反映了语音工作记忆中的言语排练速度。在年龄较大时失聪的儿童获得了更高的知觉评级。早期语言经验和教育环境强调口头交流方法的儿童比参加总体交流计划的儿童获得了更高的知觉评分。本研究结果表明，个体在非单词重复上的表现差异与语言成分加工中观察到的变异性密切相关。模仿任务，包括语音感知、语音产出的测量，特别是语音工作记忆中的语音排练速度。此外，在较晚的年龄出现耳聋，以及强调口头交流的教育环境，可能有利于儿童发展强大的语音处理技能，这是准确重复新奇的、非单词的声音模式所必需的。
Seventy-six children with cochlear implants completed a nonword repetition task. The children were presented with 20 nonword auditory patterns over a loudspeaker and were asked to repeat them aloud to the experimenter. The children's responses were recorded on digital audiotape and then played back to normal-hearing adult listeners to obtain accuracy ratings on a 7-point scale. The children's nonword repetition performance, as measured by these perceptual accuracy ratings, could be predicted in large part by their performance on independently collected measures of speech perception, verbal rehearsal speed, and speech production. The strongest contributing variable was speaking rate, which is widely argued to reflect verbal rehearsal speed in phonological working memory. Children who had become deaf at older ages received higher perceptual ratings. Children whose early linguistic experience and educational environments emphasized oral communication methods received higher perceptual ratings than children enrolled in total communication programs. The present findings suggest that individual differences in performance on nonword repetition are strongly related to variability observed in the component processes involved in language. imitation tasks, including measures of speech perception, speech production, and especially verbal rehearsal speed in phonological working memory. in addition, onset of deafness at a later age and an educational environment emphasizing oral communication may be beneficial to the children's ability to develop the robust phonological processing skills necessary to accurately repeat novel, nonword sound patterns.