Cultivar and N Fertilizer Rate Affect Yield and N use Efficiency in Irrigated Durum Wheat
Cultivar and N Fertilizer Rate Affect Yield and N use Efficiency in Irrigated Durum Wheat
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2013.03.0159
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发表时间：
2014-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Z. Liang;K. Bronson;K. Thorp;J. Mon;M. Badaruddin;G. Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Z. Liang;K. Bronson;K. Thorp;J. Mon;M. Badaruddin;G. Wang
优化氮素管理和选用氮素利用效率高的品种对硬粒小麦的生产具有重要意义。灌溉沙漠生产系统的生产者。在2010-2011年和2011-2012年两个生长季（2010-2011和2011-2012年）进行了5个或6个施氮水平的6个硬粒小麦品种的田间试验，以测定灌溉荒漠条件下硬粒小麦品种的氮素利用效率和产量。氮肥的利用率很高，为63 - 79%。硬粒小麦品种在两季籽粒氮浓度（GNC）存在差异。在2011 - 2012年生长季，不同品种在籽粒产量、农学效率（AE）、氮素利用效率（NUE）和氮收获指数（NHI）方面存在差异。施氮量在两个季节对几乎所有变量都有非常显著的正效应。随着施氮量的增加，籽粒产量、GNC和总吸氮量先增加后趋于平稳，而AE和氮利用效率（NUtE）则呈线性下降。氮素吸收效率和氮素利用效率随施氮量的增加呈幂函数下降。硬粒小麦NUE与NUpE的相关性比NUtE更密切。氮收获指数在这两年的二次响应方式的N率。综上所述，虽然硬粒小麦品种间产量和氮素利用效率存在差异，但氮肥效应远大于品种效应。这表明，种植者对最佳施氮量的决定比品种选择更有影响。
Optimizing N management and using cultivars with high N use efficiency (NUE) are important for durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) pro- ducers in irrigated desert production systems. A field experiment with six durum wheat culti - vars was conducted with five or six levels of N treatment for two growing seasons (2010-2011 and 2011-2012) to determine NUE and yield of durum wheat cultivars under irrigated desert conditions. Recovery efficiency of N fertilizer was very high, ranging from 63 to 79%. Durum wheat cultivars differed in grain N concentra- tion (GNC) in both seasons. In the 2011 to 2012 growing season, cultivars differed in grain yield, agronomic efficiency (AE), NUE, and N harvest index (NHI). The N fertilizer rate had a highly sig- nificant, positive effect on nearly all variables in both seasons. As the N fertilizer rate increased, grain yield, GNC, and total N uptake increased and then plateaued, while AE and N utilization efficiency (NUtE) decreased linearly. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) and NUE decreased as a power function with increased N fertilizer rates. Durum wheat NUE was more closely related to NUpE than NUtE. The N harvest index responded in a quadratic manner to N rate in both years. In summary, although there was variation in grain yield and NUE among durum wheat cultivars, N fertilizer effects were much more significant than cultivar effects. This indi - cates that grower decisions on optimal N rate will have more impact than cultivar selection.