The metabolic response of marine copepods to environmental warming and ocean acidification in the absence of food.
The metabolic response of marine copepods to environmental warming and ocean acidification in the absence of food.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep13690
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发表时间：
2015-09-14
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Viant MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mayor DJ;Sommer U;Cook KB;Viant MR
海洋桡足类是海洋生态系统生产力和生物地球化学的核心。然而，气候变化对其代谢功能的直接和间接影响仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们使用代谢组学，对多种低分子量有机代谢物进行公正的研究，来研究Calanus spp.的生理如何受到本世纪末全球变暖和海洋酸化情景的影响。我们报告说，与不进食孵育5天有关的生理应激大大超过由海水温度或pH值扰动直接引起的生理应激。这凸显了将气候变化实验的结果与其他自然发生的压力因素（如因全球变暖而加剧的食物匮乏）进行比较的必要性。缺乏食物的动物的蛋白质和脂质代谢上调，在我们的实验期间，一类新的含牛磺酸脂类和必需多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸发生了显著变化。桡足类动物分别通过摄取硅藻和有鞭毛的小浮游生物来获得这些PUFAs。因此，气候驱动的微小浮游生物群落的生产力、物候和组成的变化，以及这些脂肪酸的可用性，有可能影响桡足类动物在饥饿和其他环境压力下生存的能力。
Marine copepods are central to the productivity and biogeochemistry of marine ecosystems. Nevertheless, the direct and indirect effects of climate change on their metabolic functioning remain poorly understood. Here, we use metabolomics, the unbiased study of multiple low molecular weight organic metabolites, to examine how the physiology of Calanus spp. is affected by end-of-century global warming and ocean acidification scenarios. We report that the physiological stresses associated with incubation without food over a 5-day period greatly exceed those caused directly by seawater temperature or pH perturbations. This highlights the need to contextualise the results of climate change experiments by comparison to other, naturally occurring stressors such as food deprivation, which is being exacerbated by global warming. Protein and lipid metabolism were up-regulated in the food-deprived animals, with a novel class of taurine-containing lipids and the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, changing significantly over the duration of our experiment. Copepods derive these PUFAs by ingesting diatoms and flagellated microplankton respectively. Climate-driven changes in the productivity, phenology and composition of microplankton communities, and hence the availability of these fatty acids, therefore have the potential to influence the ability of copepods to survive starvation and other environmental stressors.