Management strategies to improve the performance of low birth weight pigs to weaning and their long-term consequences
Management strategies to improve the performance of low birth weight pigs to weaning and their long-term consequences
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2013-7388
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kyriazakis, I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Douglas, S. L.;Edwards, S. A.;Kyriazakis, I.
猪从出生到屠宰的性能是多种因素复杂相互作用的结果，猪生命的早期阶段可能会影响终生性能。在断奶前阶段，仔猪依赖于母猪的营养，同胞竞争可能会影响生长，特别是低出生体重（LBiW）仔猪。本实验的目的是确定哺乳期间窝仔组成（窝仔重量）和乳汁补充对LBiW猪断奶性能的影响以及给药至屠宰的长期后果。该实验是一个2 × 2的析因与同窝仔体重（正常或LBiW）和提供补充牛奶从第1天到第28天（是或否）的因素。在出生后24小时内选择总共265头仔猪，并交叉饲养以产生2种窝类型（LOW = LBiW猪[ 0.05），在乳汁供应和窝组成之间也没有任何显著的相互作用（P > 0.05）。而低胎仔的补奶量显著高于中胎仔（P < 0.001）。窝型对14 ~ 28日龄日增重有显著影响，低窝LBiW猪的日增重（0.252 kg/d）显著高于中窝（0.217 kg/d）（P < 0.05）。断奶时，低窝LBiW仔猪比中窝高500 g以上（P < 0.05）。在MX窝中，初生重与补乳量对14日龄至屠宰的体重变异系数有显著的交互作用（P < 0.05）。总之，分组LBiW仔猪相似大小的同窝仔断奶前可以提高断奶前的性能，减少竞争较重的同窝仔，但是，这种优势并不坚持断奶后。虽然补充牛奶不会改善断奶前后LBiW猪的性能，但它会影响它们的饮水行为，并可以减少混合窝中LBiW仔猪到屠宰时的BW变化。
Performance of pigs from birth to slaughter is a result of a complex interaction of factors, with the early stages of a pig's life likely to affect lifetime performance. During the preweaning stage, piglets are reliant on the sow for nutrition, and sibling competition is likely to affect growth, in particular for low birth weight (LBiW) piglets. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of litter composition (littermate weight) and milk supplementation during lactation on the performance of LBiW pigs to weaning and the long-term consequences of treatment to slaughter. The experiment was a 2 x 2 factorial with littermate weight (normal or LBiW) and provision of supplementary milk from d 1 to 28 (yes or no) as factors. A total of 265 piglets were selected within 24 h of birth and cross-fostered to create 2 litter types (LOW = LBiW pigs [ 0.05) nor was there any significant interaction between milk provision and litter composition (P > 0.05). However, LOW litters drank significantly more supplementary milk than MX litters (P < 0.001). There was a significant effect of litter type on ADG from d 14 to 28, with LBiW pigs in LOW litters performing better than those in MX litters (0.252 versus 0.217 kg/d; P < 0.05). At weaning, LBiW piglets in LOW litters weighed over 500 g more than those in MX litters (P < 0.05). In MX litters there was a significant interaction between birth weight and supplementary milk on the CV of BW from d 14 to slaughter (P < 0.05). In conclusion, grouping LBiW piglets with similar sized littermates preweaning can improve preweaning performance by reducing competition from heavier littermates; however, this advantage does not persist after weaning. Although supplementary milk does not improve LBiW pig performance before or after weaning, it affects their drinking behavior and can reduce the variation in the BW of LBiW piglets in mixed litters to slaughter.