Balancing growth amidst salinity stress – lifestyle perspectives from the extremophyte model Schrenkiella parvula
Balancing growth amidst salinity stress – lifestyle perspectives from the extremophyte model Schrenkiella parvula
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DOI：
10.1101/2021.08.27.457575
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发表时间：
2021-08
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通讯作者：
Kieu-Nga Tran;P. Pantha;Guannan Wang;Narender Kumar;Chathura Wijesinghege;Hyewon Hong;John C. Johnson;Ross Kelt;Megan G. Matherne;Ashley Clement;David Tran;Colt Crain;Dong-ha Oh;Prava Adhikari;Maryam Foroozani;P. Finnegan;D. Longstreth;J. Larkin;Aaron P. Smith;M. Dassanayake
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作者：
Kieu-Nga Tran;P. Pantha;Guannan Wang;Narender Kumar;Chathura Wijesinghege;Hyewon Hong;John C. Johnson;Ross Kelt;Megan G. Matherne;Ashley Clement;David Tran;Colt Crain;Dong-ha Oh;Prava Adhikari;Maryam Foroozani;P. Finnegan;D. Longstreth;J. Larkin;Aaron P. Smith;M. Dassanayake
利用极端植物模型来选择环境胁迫下的生长促进性状是一种公认的但未得到充分利用的策略来设计抗逆植物。小施氏菌是被子植物科的一种重要极端模式植物，能在包括高盐在内的多种环境胁迫下生长并完成其生活史。而S. parvula拥有基础基因组资源来识别可能导致表型水平应激适应的遗传线索，但缺乏整个生命周期盐应激反应的全面生理和结构特征。我们的目的是确定有影响力的性状，导致弹性增长和战略决策，以确保物种在极端环境中的生存，并检查盐诱导的生理和解剖学的变化。在其整个生命周期中的多个组织的小。我们发现S.在已知抑制拟南芥和大多数作物生长的盐胁迫水平下，parvula在各个发育阶段维持甚至增强生长。S. parvula与关键性状相关，协同地允许持续的主根生长，木质部导管元件在根冠连续体上的扩张，以及通过发育更大和更厚的叶子来维持组织水分水平的高能力，同时促进盐胁迫期间的持续光合作用。反过来，S. parvula允许通过早期开花成功地过渡到生殖阶段，随后在盐处理的植物上发育具有存活种子的较大角果。此外，在开花初期，自花受精的成功取决于盐诱导的花丝伸长。我们的研究结果表明，叶片水分状况的维持和早期花的自交增强，以确保繁殖成功是最有影响力的性状，有助于极端生活方式的S。在其自然栖息地的小珊瑚。
The use of extremophyte models to select growth promoting traits during environmental stresses is a recognized yet an underutilized strategy to design stress-resilient plants. Schrenkiella parvula, a leading extremophyte model in Brassicaceae, can grow and complete its life cycle under multiple environmental stresses, including high salinity. While S. parvula is equipped with foundational genomic resources to identify genetic clues that potentially lead to stress adaptations at the phenome level, a comprehensive physiological and structural characterization of salt stress responses throughout its lifecycle is absent. We aimed to identify the influential traits that lead to resilient growth and strategic decisions to ensure survival of the species in an extreme environment, and examined salt-induced changes in the physiology and anatomy of S. parvula throughout its life cycle across multiple tissues. We found that S. parvula maintains or even enhances growth during various developmental stages at salt stress levels known to inhibit growth in Arabidopsis thaliana and most crops. The resilient growth of S. parvula was associated with key traits synergistically allowing continued primary root growth, expansion of xylem vessel elements across the root-shoot continuum, and the high capacity to maintain tissue water levels by developing larger and thicker leaves while facilitating continued photosynthesis during salt stress. In turn, the stress-resilient growth during the vegetative phase of S. parvula allowed a successful transition to a reproductive phase via early flowering followed by the development of larger siliques with viable seeds on salt-treated plants. Additionally, the success of self-fertilization in early flowering stages was dependent on salt-induced filament elongation. Our results suggest that the maintenance of leaf water status and enhancement of selfing in early flowers to ensure reproductive success are among the most influential traits that contribute to the extremophilic lifestyle of S. parvula in its natural habitat.