Neural responses in songbird forebrain reflect learning rates, acquired salience, and stimulus novelty after auditory discrimination training
Neural responses in songbird forebrain reflect learning rates, acquired salience, and stimulus novelty after auditory discrimination training
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00611.2014
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Vicario, David S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell, Brittany A.;Phan, Mimi L.;Vicario, David S.
社会互动如何形成和调节特定复杂信号的神经表征？这个问题可以在鸣禽的听觉系统中得到解决。像人类一样，鸣禽通过模仿发育过程中听到的导师来学习发声。这些习得的发声在生殖和社会互动以及个人识别中很重要。作为特定歌曲的社会强化的模型，雄性斑胸草雀被训练为对一种歌曲刺激（GO）做出反应以获得食物奖励，并对另一种歌曲刺激（NoGO）做出反应。性能达到标准后，单和多单元神经反应的训练和新的刺激，从多个电极插入到两个鸣禽听觉处理区[caudomedial mesopallium（CMM）和caudomedial nidopallium（NCM）]的清醒，克制的鸟类。这些区域的神经元对重复的歌曲刺激进行刺激特异性适应，对熟悉刺激的反应比对新刺激的反应更慢。结果表明，不同的听觉反应在NCM和CMM训练（GO和NoGO）刺激与新的歌曲刺激。当受试者按达到标准所需的训练天数分组时，快速学习者在这两个领域对所有刺激的神经反应和刺激特异性适应速度都比慢速学习者快。此外，快速学习者的NCM反应比慢速学习者更强烈的左偏化。因此，这些感觉区域中的听觉反应不仅编码刺激熟悉性，而且反映了我们范式中的行为强化，并且可能受到社会互动的调节。
How do social interactions form and modulate the neural representations of specific complex signals? This question can be addressed in the songbird auditory system. Like humans, songbirds learn to vocalize by imitating tutors heard during development. These learned vocalizations are important in reproductive and social interactions and in individual recognition. As a model for the social reinforcement of particular songs, male zebra finches were trained to peck for a food reward in response to one song stimulus (GO) and to withhold responding for another (NoGO). After performance reached criterion, single and multiunit neural responses to both trained and novel stimuli were obtained from multiple electrodes inserted bilaterally into two songbird auditory processing areas [caudomedial mesopallium (CMM) and caudomedial nidopallium (NCM)] of awake, restrained birds. Neurons in these areas undergo stimulus-specific adaptation to repeated song stimuli, and responses to familiar stimuli adapt more slowly than to novel stimuli. The results show that auditory responses differed in NCM and CMM for trained (GO and NoGO) stimuli vs. novel song stimuli. When subjects were grouped by the number of training days required to reach criterion, fast learners showed larger neural responses and faster stimulus-specific adaptation to all stimuli than slow learners in both areas. Furthermore, responses in NCM of fast learners were more strongly left-lateralized than in slow learners. Thus auditory responses in these sensory areas not only encode stimulus familiarity, but also reflect behavioral reinforcement in our paradigm, and can potentially be modulated by social interactions.