An improved hybrid bream derived from a hybrid lineage of Megalobrama amblycephala (♀)×Culter alburnus (♂)
An improved hybrid bream derived from a hybrid lineage of Megalobrama amblycephala (♀)×Culter alburnus (♂)
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DOI：
10.1007/s11427-021-2005-5
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dingbin Gong;M. Tao;Lihui Xu;Fangzhou Hu;Zehong Wei;Shi Wang;Yude Wang;Qingfeng Liu;Chang Wu-C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dingbin Gong;M. Tao;Lihui Xu;Fangzhou Hu;Zehong Wei;Shi Wang;Yude Wang;Qingfeng Liu;Chang Wu-C
远缘杂交是鱼类遗传育种中的一项重要技术。本研究在建立异源二倍体鱼类谱系的基础上，（BT，2n=48，F_1-F_6）是由团头鲂雌鱼远缘杂交而得（BSB，2n=48）和雄性翘嘴鹬（TC，2n=48），回交后代用BT的雌性F1代与雄性BSB回交获得BTB（BTB，2n=48），再用BTB（BTB，2n=48）与BSB（BSB，2n=48）回交获得改良杂交团头鲂（BTBB，2n=48）。此外，BTBB个体的形态和遗传特征进行了研究，BTBB是相似的BSB的外观，但比BSB有较高的体高。染色体数目和DNA含量的研究结果表明，BTBB是一种二倍体杂交鱼。BTBB的5S rDNA和Hox基因均遗传自原始亲本。BTBB性腺发育正常。另一方面，BTBB比BSB具有更快的生长速度、更高的肌肉蛋白质水平和更低的肌肉碳水化合物水平。因此，BTBB可作为优质鱼类推广应用，也可作为新的鱼类种质资源进一步开发优质鱼类。因此，本研究对鱼类遗传育种具有重要意义。
Distant hybridization is an important technique in fish genetic breeding. In this study, based on the establishment of an allodiploid fish lineage (BT, 2n=48, F1–F6) derived from distant hybridization between femaleMegalobrama amblycephala(BSB, 2n=48) and maleCulter alburnus(TC, 2n=48), and the backcross progeny (BTB, 2n=48) derived by backcrossing female F1of BT to male BSB, an improved hybrid bream (BTBB, 2n=48) was obtained by backcrossing BTB (♀) to BSB (♂). Moreover, the morphological and genetic characteristics of BTBB individuals were investigated; BTBB was similar to BSB in appearance but had a higher body height than BSB. The study results regarding chromosome numbers and DNA content indicated that BTBB is a diploid hybrid fish. The 5S rDNA andHoxgene of BTBB were inherited from the original parents. Gonadal development in BTBB was normal. On the other hand, BTBB had a faster growth rate, higher muscle protein level, and lower muscle carbohydrate level than BSB. Hence, bisexual fertile BTBB is promoted and can be applied as a high-quality fish, and it can also be used as a new fish germplasm resource to develop high-quality fish further. Thus, this study is of great significance for fish genetic breeding.