Functional Flows in Modified Riverscapes: Hydrographs, Habitats and Opportunities
Functional Flows in Modified Riverscapes: Hydrographs, Habitats and Opportunities
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DOI：
10.1093/biosci/biv102
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发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
S. Yarnell;G. Petts;J. Schmidt;A. Whipple;E. Beller;C. Dahm;P. Goodwin;J. Viers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Yarnell;G. Petts;J. Schmidt;A. Whipple;E. Beller;C. Dahm;P. Goodwin;J. Viers
基于以前的环境流量的讨论和日益认识到，水文地貌过程是固有的生态功能和河流景观的生物多样性，我们提出了一个功能流的方法来管理严重修改的河流。该方法的重点是保留特定的过程为基础的组件的过程，或功能流，而不是试图模仿完整的自然流状态。关键功能组件包括雨季启动流量，峰值流量，衰退流量，旱季低流量，年际变化。我们说明了每个关键功能流的重要性，从美国西部河流的季节性可预测的流量制度的例子。为了最大限度地发挥这些水流的功能，必须在空间和时间上加强与地貌多样的漫滩地区的连通性，并必须考虑到沉积物输运机制。最后，我们提供了指导原则，开发功能流或将功能流纳入现有的环境流框架。
Building on previous environmental flow discussions and a growing recognition that hydrogeomorphic processes are inherent in the ecological functionality and biodiversity of riverscapes, we propose a functional-flows approach to managing heavily modified rivers. The approach focuses on retaining specific process-based components of the hydrograph, or functional flows, rather than attempting to mimic the full natural flow regime. Key functional components include wet-season initiation flows, peak magnitude flows, recession flows, dry-season low flows, and interannual variability. We illustrate the importance of each key functional flow using examples from western US rivers with seasonably predictable flow regimes. To maximize the functionality of these flows, connectivity to morphologically diverse overbank areas must be enhanced in both space and time, and consideration must be given to the sediment-transport regime. Finally, we provide guiding principles for developing functional flows or incorporating functional flows into existing environmental flow frameworks.