Macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: A biorefinery approach
Macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: A biorefinery approach
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.026
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
T. Suganya;M. Varman;H. Masjuki;S. Renganathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Suganya;M. Varman;H. Masjuki;S. Renganathan
由于石油储量的减少和来自化石燃料的废气的有害环境后果，近年来对可再生和环境友好燃料的研究受到了很大的推动。然而，作为生物燃料生产来源的非食用作物的可用性是有限的，并且在经济上是不可行的。藻类是第三代生物燃料生产中传统原料的一种有前途的替代来源。近年来，关于微藻生产生物燃料的潜力进行了大量讨论，但大型藻类和微藻可能还有其他更容易开发的商业机会。本文简要介绍了大型藻类和微藻类生物燃料转化技术。气化过程产生H2、CH4、CO2和氨等可燃气体，热解产物为生物油。藻类的发酵产物是乙醇，可以用作直接燃料或乙醇汽油。氢气可以从藻类生物质的光生物过程中获得。在酯交换过程中，海藻油被转化为生物柴油，生物柴油与常规柴油非常相似，可以与石油柴油混合。本文还综述了大型藻类和微藻高附加值副产品的生产及其商业应用。藻类作为一种潜在的可再生资源，不仅用于生物燃料，而且还用于人类健康、动物和水生物营养、环境应用，如二氧化碳减排、废水处理、生物肥料、高价值化合物、色素合成和稳定同位素生物化学品。本综述主要是一个尝试，探讨生物炼制的概念应用于藻类技术，用于合成新的生物产品，以提高藻类生物燃料，甚至更多样化和经济竞争力。就业的高价值，副产品的战略，通过综合生物炼制的方法，预计将显着提高整体商业实施的藻类生物燃料技术。
Due to diminishing petroleum reserves and deleterious environmental consequences of exhaust gases from fossil-based fuels, research on renewable and environment friendly fuels has received a lot of impetus in the recent years. However, the availability of the non-edible crops serve as the sources for biofuel production are limited and economically not feasible. Algae are a promising alternative source to the conventional feedstocks for the third generation biofuel production. There has been a considerable discussion in the recent years about the potential of microalgae for the production of biofuels, but there may be other more readily exploitable commercial opportunities for macroalgae and microalgae. This review, briefly describes the biofuels conversion technologies for both macroalgae and microalgae. The gasification process produces combustible gases such as H2, CH4, CO2and ammonia, whereas, the product of pyrolysis is bio-oil. The fermentation product of algae is ethanol, that can be used as a direct fuel or as a gasohol. Hydrogen can be obtained from the photobiological process of algal biomass. In transesterification process, algae oil is converted into biodiesel, which is quite similar to those of conventional diesel and it can be blended with the petroleum diesel. This study, also reviewed the production of high value byproducts from macroalgae and microalgae and their commercial applications. Algae as a potential renewable resource is not only used for biofuels but also for human health, animal and aquatic nutrition, environmental applications such as CO2mitigation, wastewater treatment, biofertilizer, high-value compounds, synthesis of pigments and stable isotope biochemicals. This review is mainly an attempt, to investigate the biorefinery concept applied on the algal technology, for the synthesis of novel bioproducts to improve the algal biofuels as even more diversified and economically competitive.The employment of a high-value, co-product strategy through the integrated biorefinery approach is expected to significantly enhance the overall commercial implementation of the biofuel from the algal technology.