Response of plasma lipids to dietary cholesterol and wine polyphenols in rats fed polyunsaturated fat diets
Response of plasma lipids to dietary cholesterol and wine polyphenols in rats fed polyunsaturated fat diets
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DOI：
10.1007/s11745-000-0610-2
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Linard, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Frémont, L;Gozzelino, MT;Linard, A
本实验旨在评价饮食中红酒酚类化合物(WP)和胆固醇对大鼠脂质氧化和转运的影响。断奶后5wk，饲喂多不饱和脂肪饲料(n-6/n-3=6.4)，添加或不添加3g/kg胆固醇、5g/kg WP或两者同时添加。尽管极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白(极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白)的胆固醇含量增加，但喂饲胆固醇的大鼠空腹血浆中三酰甘油(TAG，P<；0.01)和胆固醇(P<；0.0002)的浓度降低。这是由于高密度脂蛋白的血浆浓度大大降低(-35%，P<；0.0001)。相比之下，TAG和胆固醇酯(CE)在肝脏中积累(分别为+120%和+450%，P<；0.0001)。但对肝微粒体胆固醇含量无明显影响。膳食胆固醇主要通过降低血浆极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白(-35%)和高密度脂蛋白(-42%)以及肝脏脂肪(-42%)、粗脂肪(-78%)和磷脂(-28%)中花生四烯酸/亚油酸(P<；0.0001)的比值来改变脂肪酸的分布。饮食可湿性粉剂对这些变量的影响很小或没有影响。另一方面，膳食胆固醇降低了极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白(-40%，P<；0.003)和微生物体(-60%，P<；0.0001)中的α-生育酚浓度。相反，饲粮可湿性粉剂提高了微粒体中的浓度(+21%，P<；0.0001)，但对极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白的浓度没有影响。胆固醇摄入减少(P<；0.006)，而WP摄入增加(P<；0.0001)极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白对铜诱导的氧化的抵抗力。氧化25h后共轭双烯的生成量介于650(无胆固醇的WP)和2560(无WP的胆固醇)MU/g极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白。这些发现表明，膳食中的WP被吸收到了足够的水平，有助于保护血浆和细胞膜中的多不饱和脂肪酸。它们还可以减少α-生育酚和内源性抗氧化剂的消耗。这些反应表明，在人类中，这些物质可能是有益的，因为它可以减少饮食中过量胆固醇的有害影响。
This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary red wine phenolic compounds (WP) and cholesterol on lipid oxidation and transport in rats. For 5 wk, weanling rats were fed polyunsaturated fat diets (n-6/n-3 = 6.4) supplemented or not supplemented with either 3 g/kg diet of cholesterol, 5 g/kg diet of WP, or both. The concentrations of triacylglycerols (TAG, P < 0.01) and cholesterol (P < 0.0002) were reduced in fasting plasma of rats fed cholesterol despite the cholesterol enrichment of very low density lipoprotein + low density lipoprotein (VLDL + LDL). The response was due to the much lower plasma concentration of high density lipoprotein (HDL) (-35%, P < 0.0001). In contrast, TAG and cholesteryl ester (CE) accumulated in liver (+120 and +450%, respectively, P < 0.0001). However, the cholesterol content of liver microsomes was not affected. Dietary cholesterol altered the distribution of fatty acids mainly by reducing the ratio of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid(P < 0.0001) in plasma VLDL + LDL (-35%) and HDL (-42%) and in liver TAG (-42%), CE (-78%), and phospholipids (-28%). Dietary WP had little or no effect on these variables. On the other hand, dietary cholesterol lowered the alpha-tocopherol concentration in VLDL + LDL (-40%, P < 0.003) and in microsomes (-60%, P < 0.0001). In contrast, dietary WP increased the concentration in microsomes (+21%, P < 0.0001), but had no effect on the concentration in VLDL + LDL. Cholesterol feeding decreased (P < 0.006) whereas WP feeding increased (P < 0.0001) the resistance of VLDL + LDL to copper-induced oxidation. The production of conjugated dienes after 25 h of oxidation ranged between 650 (WP without cholesterol) and 2,560 (cholesterol without WP) mu mol/g VLDL + LDL protein. These findings show that dietary WP were absorbed at sufficient levels to contribute to the protection of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma and membranes. They could also reduce the consumption of alpha-tocopherol and endogenous antioxidants. The responses suggest that, in humans, these substances may be beneficial by reducing the deleterious effects of a dietary overload of cholesterol.