Response of spinach and komatsuna to biogas effluent made from source-separated kitchen garbage
Response of spinach and komatsuna to biogas effluent made from source-separated kitchen garbage
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DOI：
10.2134/jeq2005.0482
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hasegawa, Hiroshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furukawa, Yuichiro;Hasegawa, Hiroshi
通过焚烧和/或填埋来回收厨房垃圾是减少公共开支和环境负担的紧迫任务。在日本琦玉县的小川，有一个有趣的区域性努力，在这个努力中，将源头分离的厨房垃圾用沼气厂进行厌氧发酵，产生的污水被周围的农民用作快速释放的有机肥料。然而，对污水使用中的肥料价值和风险缺乏科学评估。因此，从2003年至2004年，在东北农业研究中心进行了田间试验，以种植菠菜（Spinacia oleracea L.）和小松菜（Brassica rapa var.perviridis L.）H. Bailey）测定了厨余污水（KGE）的肥料价值，KGE、土壤和植物叶片中硝酸盐、大肠菌群（CG）、大肠杆菌、粪链球菌和副溶血性弧菌的浓度。以牛粪污水（CME）和化肥（NPK）为对照。KGE的总氮（N）和铵态氮浓度分别为1.47和1.46 g kg（-1）。在两种沼气流出物中检测到的细菌数量级为2至3 log CFU g（-1），但几乎没有证据表明沼气流出物增加了土壤和植物叶片中的这些细菌。在施氮量为22 gNm（-2）时，KGE小区菠菜和小松菜的产量、总氮吸收量、氮表观利用率和收获时叶片硝态氮浓度与NPK和CME小区基本相当。结果表明，KGE是一种与化肥相当的速效氮肥，且不会造成CG、E等污染。大肠杆菌、FS或副溶血性弧菌。
Recycling of kitchen garbage is an urgent task for reducing public spending and environmental burdens by incineration and/or landfill. There is an interesting regional effort in Ogawa, Saitama prefecture, Japan, in which source-separated kitchen garbage is anaerobically fermented with a biogas plant and the resultant effluent is used as a quick-release organic fertilizer by surrounding farmers. However, scientific assessments of fertilizer values and risks in the use of the effluent were lacking. Thus, a field experiment was conducted from 2003 to 2004 in Tohoku National Agricultural Research Center to grow spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and komatsuna (Brassica rapa var.perviridis L. H. Bailey) for evaluating the fertilizer value of the kitchen garbage effluent (KGE), nitrate, coliform group (CG), Escherichia coli, fecal streptococci (F'S), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus concentrations of KGE and in the soil and the plant leaves. A cattle manure effluent (CME) and chemical fertilizers (NPK) were used as controls. Total nitrogen (N) and ammonium N concentrations of the KGE were 1.47 and 1.46 g kg(-1), respectively. The bacteria tested were detected in both biogas effluents in the order of 2 to 3 log CFU g(-1), but there was little evidence that the biogas effluents increased these bacteria in the soil and the plant leaves. At the rate of 22 g N m(-2), yield, total N uptake, apparent N recovery rate, and leaf nitrate ion concentration at harvest of spinach and komatsuna in the KGE plot were mostly comparable to those in the NPK and CME plots. We conclude that the KGE is a quick-release N fertilizer comparable to chemical fertilizers and does not cause contamination of CG, E. coli, FS, or V parahaemolyticus in the soil and spinach and komatsuna leaves.