Isolation and cultivation of Walsby's square archaeon
Isolation and cultivation of Walsby's square archaeon
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00692.x
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Rodriguez-Valera, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolhuis, H;Poele, EMT;Rodriguez-Valera, F
1980年，A·E·沃尔斯比描述了一个方形的嗜盐古生物。这种古生物因其独特的形状和在高盐度生态系统中的丰度而引起人们的特别兴趣，这表明它具有重要的生态生理作用。自从它被发现以来，对沃尔斯比广场考古菌的分离和培养一直是许多研究嗜盐微生物的微生物学家的圣杯。尽管它们丰富，而且很容易被显微镜识别，但到目前为止，所有的培养尝试都失败了，这标志着这种有机体是无法培养的生物之一。广场考古的培育对于了解它们的生态生理作用和它们独特的形态特征的性质是必不可少的。在这里，我们报告了神秘的方形考古子的分离和培养，我们建议将其命名为HaloQuratum walsbyi。纯培养物很容易在简单的人工高盐培养基中保存。最初的生长实验表明，在3.3M的氯化钠存在下，该菌对高浓度的氯化镁(>；2M)具有耐受性。新鲜的培养物含有非常大的细胞(>；40x40um)，没有任何可见的分裂结构，使它们成为迄今已知的最大的原核生物之一。据估计，该基因组包含大约300万个碱基对。
In 1980, A. E. Walsby described a square halophilic archaeon. This archaeon is of specific interest because of its unique shape and its abundance in hypersaline ecosystems, which suggests an important ecophysiological role. Ever since its discovery, the isolation and cultivation of 'Walsby's square archaeon' has been a holy grail for many microbiologists working on halophiles. Despite their abundance and easy recognition by microscopy, all cultivation attempts have failed up to now, marking the organism as one of the unculturables. Cultivation of the square archaeon is essential to understand their ecophysiological role and the nature of their unique morphologically features. Here, we report the isolation and cultivation of the enigmatic square archaeon that we propose to name Haloquadratum walsbyi. Pure cultures are easily maintained in simple artificial hypersaline media. Initial growth experiments revealed a tolerance to high concentrations of MgCl2 (>2 M) in the presence of 3.3 M NaCl. Fresh cultures contained extraordinary large cells (>40 x 40 mum) without any visible division structures, ranking them among the largest prokaryotes known to date. The genome was estimated to contain approximately three million basepairs.