Observational Context of Mother-Child Interaction: Impact of a stress Context on Emotional Availability
Observational Context of Mother-Child Interaction: Impact of a stress Context on Emotional Availability
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DOI：
10.1007/s10826-017-0678-8
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Boedeker, Katja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dittrich, Katja;Fuchs, Anna;Boedeker, Katja
先前的研究发现，一个有压力的观察背景挑战了母子关系，从而突出了负面的互动行为。然而，观察性情境的影响只在婴儿和学龄前儿童中进行了研究，而没有专门使用情绪可用性量表。他们也没有探讨母子互动与儿童情绪或行为问题的关联是否取决于观察背景。我们观察了140位母亲和他们5到12岁的孩子在无压力的自由游戏和有压力的任务环境中。在一般情况下，二人组表现出更高的情感可用性相比，自由发挥的任务。具体而言，母亲表现出较高水平的敏感性，结构化和非敌意，但较低水平的非侵入性的任务相比，自由发挥的情况下，儿童表现出较高水平的响应性任务期间比在自由发挥。在控制了二元压力后，情绪可用性的所有维度的背景效应都降低了。母子互动与儿童问题行为的关联依赖于观察情境。具体来说，我们发现母亲的情绪可用性在自由发挥更强烈地与儿童的问题行为比在紧张的任务;然而，情绪可用性的儿童更强烈地与问题行为时，在任务中获得。我们的结论是，环境影响母子互动行为，也对母子互动和儿童行为的关联。压力是影响母子互动行为的相关情境因素。
Previous studies have found that a stressful observational context challenges the mother-child relationship, thus highlighting negative interactive behavior. However, the impact of observational context has only been investigated in infants and preschoolers without specifically using the Emotional Availability Scales. Nor have they explored whether the association of mother-child interaction with children's emotional or behavioral problems depends on the observational context. We observed 140 mothers and their five to 12-year-old children in non-stressful free play and in a stressful task context. In general, dyads showed higher emotional availability in the task context compared to the free play. Specifically, mothers showed higher levels of Sensitivity, Structuring and Nonhostility, but lower levels of Nonintrusiveness during the task compared to the free play context; children showed higher levels of Responsiveness during the task than during free play. After controlling for dyadic stress, contextual effects decreased for all dimensions of emotional availability. The association of mother-child interaction with child problem behavior depended on the observational context. Specifically, we found maternal emotional availability during free play to be more strongly associated with child problem behavior than during the stressful task; however, emotional availability of the child was more strongly associated with problem behavior when obtained during the task. We conclude that context impacts on mother-child interactive behavior and also on the association of mother-child-interaction and child behavior. Stress is a relevant contextual factor influencing mother-child interactive behavior.