Sleep, performance, circadian rhythms, and light-dark cycles during two space shuttle flights
Sleep, performance, circadian rhythms, and light-dark cycles during two space shuttle flights
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.5.r1647
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Czeisler, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dijk, DJ;Neri, DF;Czeisler, CA
睡眠，昼夜节律和神经行为的表现措施，在五名宇航员之前，期间和之后16天或10天的太空任务。在太空中，预定的休息-活动周期比24小时短20-35分钟。光暗周期在飞行甲板上变化很大，航天器其他舱室的日间照度非常低（5.0-79.4勒克斯）。在太空中，体温节律的幅度降低，尿皮质醇的昼夜节律相对于强加的非24小时睡眠-觉醒时间表出现失调。观察到神经行为性能下降。通过问卷调查和体动记录仪评估的睡眠持续时间仅与6.5小时/天相似。主观睡眠质量下降。多导睡眠图显示，在最后三分之一的睡眠事件中，觉醒更多，慢波睡眠更少。隔夜服用褪黑激素（0.3毫克）并不能改善睡眠。回到地球后，快速眼动睡眠（REM）明显增加。这些航班上的机组人员经历了昼夜节律紊乱、睡眠丧失、神经行为表现下降以及飞行后快速眼动睡眠的变化。
Sleep, circadian rhythm, and neurobehavioral performance measures were obtained in five astronauts before, during, and after 16-day or 10-day space missions. In space, scheduled rest-activity cycles were 20-35 min shorter than 24 h. Light-dark cycles were highly variable on the flight deck, and daytime illuminances in other compartments of the spacecraft were very low (5.0-79.4 lx). In space, the amplitude of the body temperature rhythm was reduced and the circadian rhythm of urinary cortisol appeared misaligned relative to the imposed non-24-h sleep-wake schedule. Neurobehavioral performance decrements were observed. Sleep duration, assessed by questionnaires and actigraphy, was only similar to6.5 h/day. Subjective sleep quality diminished. Polysomnography revealed more wakefulness and less slow-wave sleep during the final third of sleep episodes. Administration of melatonin (0.3 mg) on alternate nights did not improve sleep. After return to earth, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was markedly increased. Crewmembers on these flights experienced circadian rhythm disturbances, sleep loss, decrements in neurobehavioral performance, and postflight changes in REM sleep.