MULTIPLE GENOTOXICITY BIOMARKERS IN FISH EXPOSED IN-SITU TO POLLUTED RIVER WATER
MULTIPLE GENOTOXICITY BIOMARKERS IN FISH EXPOSED IN-SITU TO POLLUTED RIVER WATER
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DOI：
10.1016/0165-1218(93)90076-p
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发表时间：
1993-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
ARILLO, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DEFLORA, S;VIGANO, L;ARILLO, A
彩虹鲑鱼的标本要么在实验室条件下被饲养在水族馆中，要么被关在波河(意大利北部)的笼子里，在兰布洛河汇合处的上游或下游，兰布洛河是一条污染严重的小支流。在原位暴露7、15和30天后，监测用于评估内剂量或早期生物学效应的遗传毒性生物标志物。除了氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶和uridine-5‘-diphospho-glucuronosyl-transferase，略有增加外，与水族箱中的对照鱼相比，在兰布洛河上游养殖的鱼没有产生显著的影响。相反，这条支流负责将亚致死剂量的遗传毒剂和酶诱导剂带入主要河流，下游网箱中的鱼发生了显著的早期生物变化。事实上，(A)胆汁提取物中含有需要代谢激活的移码诱变剂，在短时间暴露后脂溶成分普遍存在，随后结合组分随时间的增加而增加，其次是葡萄糖醛酸；(B)单加氧酶氨基比林-N-去甲基酶、尿苷-5‘-二磷酸-葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶以及差异很大的芳烃羟基酶和7-乙氧基间苯二酚-0-脱乙基酶在肝微体部分中增强了将3-氨基-1-甲基-5H-吡啶(4，3)吲哚转化为突变物质的能力；(D)细胞遗传学损伤表现为外周血红细胞微核率增加。
Specimens of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were either kept in an aquarium under laboratory conditions or caged in the River Po (Northern Italy), upstream or downstream the confluence with the River Lambro, a small yet heavily polluted tributary. Genotoxicity biomarkers, evaluating the internal dose or early biological effects, were monitored after 7, 15 and 30 days of in situ exposure. With the exception of a slight increase of aminopyrine-N-demethylase and uridine-5'-diphospho-glucuronosyl-transferase, no significant effect was produced in fish kept upstream the River Lambro, as compared to control fish kept in the aquarium. In contrast, the responsibility of this tributary in carrying sublethal doses of both genotoxic agents and enzyme inducers into the main river was proved by the significant occurrence of early biological alterations in fish caged downstream. In fact, (a) bile extracts contained frameshift mutagens requiring metabolic activation, with a prevalence of liposoluble components after a short exposure, followed by a time-related increase of conjugated components, in minor part with glucuronic acid; (b) the monooxygenases aminopyrine-N-demethylase, uridine-5'-diphospho-glucuronosyl-transferase and, with sharp differences, arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase and 7-ethoxyresorufin-0-deethylase were enhanced in liver microsomal fractions; (c) the liver cytosolic fractions had an enhanced ability to convert 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido(4,3)indole into mutagenic metabolites in S. typhimurium; (d) cytogenetic damage was demonstrated by an increased frequency of micronuclei in peripheral blood erythrocytes.