Generation of cerebral organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.
Generation of cerebral organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.
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DOI：
10.1038/nprot.2014.158
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发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
影响因子：
14.8
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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人类大脑发育表现出几个独特的方面，例如增加的复杂性和神经元输出的扩展，这些已被证明难以在模式生物中进行研究。因此，体外方法模拟人类大脑发育和疾病是一个激烈的研究领域。在这里，我们描述了一种最近建立的生成3D脑组织的方案，即所谓的脑类器官，它密切模仿内源性发育程序。这种方法可以很容易地在标准组织培养室中实施，并且可以在一到两个月内产生发育中的大脑皮层、腹侧端脑、脉络膜丛和视网膜等。这种简单的方案可以应用于发育研究以及各种人类大脑疾病的研究。此外，由于类器官可以在长期培养中维持一年以上，因此它们也有可能模拟神经元成熟和存活等后期事件。
Human brain development exhibits several unique aspects, such as increased complexity and expansion of neuronal output, that have proven difficult to study in model organisms. As a result, in vitro approaches to model human brain development and disease are an intense area of research. Here we describe a recently established protocol for generating 3D brain tissue, so-called cerebral organoids, which closely mimics the endogenous developmental program. This method can easily be implemented in a standard tissue culture room, and can give rise to developing cerebral cortex, ventral telencephalon, choroid plexus and retinal identities, among others, within one to two months. This straightforward protocol can be applied to developmental studies as well as the study of a variety of human brain diseases. Furthermore, since organoids can be maintained for more than a year in long-term culture, they also have the potential to model later events such as neuronal maturation and survival.