Scope for growth of the estuarine mysid Neomysis integer (Peracarida : Mysidacea) : effects of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos
Scope for growth of the estuarine mysid Neomysis integer (Peracarida : Mysidacea) : effects of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos
复制标题
河口糠虾新糠虾 (Peracarida : Mysidacea) 的生长范围：有机磷农药毒死蜱的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Malcolm B. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Roast;J. Widdows;Malcolm B. Jones
Mysids(Peracarida：Mysidacea)是标准测试生物，通常用于急性测试，以评估化学品对水生生物的比较毒性。对用于生态系统监测的这种致命措施的批评导致了显然需要进行亚致命测试，以便能够更全面地了解毒物对自然人口的潜在影响。欧洲河口上游的优势种新麦蛾对农药和痕量金属具有较低的96hLC50值，是监测欧洲河口污染状况的适宜物种。本文评价了环境适宜浓度的有机磷农药毒死蜱对N。整数的一些基本生理过程的影响，作为环境污染指标的潜在终点。毒死蜱暴露对耗氧量、排泄率(用来衡量摄食率)和生长范围(有机体整体生理状态的综合衡量标准)有很大影响。相比之下，吸收效率不受农药暴露的影响。与较长的接触时间(例如168小时)相比，毒死蜱的影响在短时间(即48小时)后最为明显。增加耗氧量是检测毒死蜱暴露的最敏感的毒性测试终点，然而，这种反应可能并不适用于所有毒物。减少的生长范围和排泄率被认为更能代表毒死蜱对自然Mysid种群的影响，但只有在接近致死的暴露浓度时才会受到显著影响。所有三种反应受到影响的浓度都低于欧洲共同体饮用水立法目前可接受的浓度。
Mysids (Peracarida: Mysidacea) are standard test organisms used routinely in acute tests to evaluate the comparative toxicity of chemicals to aquatic organisms. The criticism of such lethal measurements for ecosystem monitoring has resulted in a clear need for sub-lethal tests that enable a more comprehensive understanding of the potential impacts of toxicants on natural populations. Neomysis integer, the dominant mysid of the upper reaches of European estuaries, has relatively low 96 h LC 50 values for pesticides and trace metals, and is under investigation as a suitable species for monitoring the pollution status of European estuaries. In this paper, the effects of environmentally realistic concentrations of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos on some basic physiological processes of N. integer are evaluated as potential end points for indicators of environmental pollution. Oxygen consumption, egestion rate (used as a measure of feeding rate) and scope for growth (an integrated measure of the overall physiological status of an organism) were significantly affected by chlorpyrifos exposure. In contrast, absorption efficiency was unaffected by pesticide exposure. Chlorpyrifos effects were most pronounced following short (i.e. 48 h) compared with longer exposure periods (e.g. 168 h). Increased oxygen consumption was the most sensitive toxicity test end point for detecting chlorpyrifos exposure, however, this response may not apply to all toxicants. Reduced scope for growth and egestion rate are considered more representative of the effects of chlorpyrifos on natural mysid populations, but were only affected significantly at near-lethal exposure concentrations. All 3 responses were affected at concentrations lower than those currently acceptable by European Community legislation for potable waters.