Prevalence of the Chloroflexi-related SAR202 bacterioplankton cluster throughout the mesopelagic zone and deep ocean
Prevalence of the Chloroflexi-related SAR202 bacterioplankton cluster throughout the mesopelagic zone and deep ocean
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/aem.70.5.2836-2842.2004
复制
发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Giovannoni, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morris, RM;Rappé, MS;Giovannoni, SJ
自从在北大西洋的样本中首次发现16S rRNA基因以来，与被称为SAR202的环境基因克隆簇相关的16S rRNA基因已经在远洋淡水、海洋沉积物、土壤和深层地下陆地环境中被发现。在一起，这些克隆形成了一个主要的，单系亚群的门。虽然这一多样化群体的成员一直存在于海洋环境中，但目前还没有养殖的代表，对它们在世界海洋中的分布或丰度知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们利用已发表的和新发现的SAR202相关的16S rRNA基因序列来进一步了解该簇的系统发育，并设计用于荧光原位杂交的分类单元特异性寡核苷酸探针。从北大西洋的百慕大大西洋时间序列研究站点、中太平洋的夏威夷海洋时间序列站点以及东太平洋沿海水域的纽波特水线的直接细胞计数显示，SAR202簇细胞在深叶绿素最大值以下最为丰富，并持续到大西洋的3600米和太平洋的4000米，这是本研究使用的最深的样本。平均而言，SAR202组的成员占500至4000米之间所有含DNA浮游细菌的10.2%(+/-5.7%)。
Since their initial discovery in samples from the north Atlantic Ocean, 16S rRNA genes related to the environmental gene clone cluster known as SAR202 have been recovered from pelagic freshwater, marine sediment, soil, and deep subsurface terrestrial environments. Together, these clones form a major, monophyletic subgroup of the phylum Chloroflexi. While members of this diverse group are consistently identified in the marine environment, there are currently no cultured representatives, and very little is known about their distribution or abundance in the world's oceans. In this study, published, and newly identified SAR202-related 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to further resolve the phylogeny of this cluster and to design taxon-specific oligonucleotide probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization. Direct cell counts from the Bermuda Atlantic time series study site in the north Atlantic Ocean, the Hawaii ocean time series site in the central Pacific Ocean, and along the Newport hydroline in eastern Pacific coastal waters showed that SAR202 cluster cells were most abundant below the deep chlorophyll maximum and that they persisted to 3,600 m in the Atlantic Ocean and to 4,000 m in the Pacific Ocean, the deepest samples used in this study. On average, members of the SAR202 group accounted for 10.2% (+/-5.7%) of all DNA-containing bacterioplankton between 500 and 4,000 m.