Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using neuroimaging
Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using neuroimaging
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DOI：
10.1016/j.exger.2006.05.016
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
de Leon, Mony J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mosconi, Lisa;Brys, Miroslaw;de Leon, Mony J.
神经影像学正越来越多地用于补充阿尔茨海默病（AD）早期检测的临床评估。结构磁共振成像（MRI）和代谢正电子发射断层扫描（FDG-PET）是临床上最常用和最有前途的方式来检测可能有AD风险但尚未出现症状的个体的大脑异常。对AD的既定危险因素的了解使研究者能够制定纵向成像研究的富集策略，以减少样本量和研究持续时间。本综述重点关注MRI和FDG-PET研究获得的结果，这些研究检查了几个风险人群的临床前AD阶段：（1）来自患有常染色体显性早发性AD（FAD）的家族的个体，（2）患有轻度认知障碍（MCI），特别是记忆障碍的患者，其处于非常高的下降到AD的风险中，估计下降率为每年10-30%，（3）正常青年和中年受试者携带已知的迟发性AD易感基因，如载脂蛋白E（ApoE）E4等位基因;（4）由于年龄是AD的主要危险因素，正常老年个体随后发生MCI和AD。总体而言，这些研究表明，即使在临床症状未完全表达且局部脑损伤可能有限的疾病早期阶段，使用成像技术早期检测AD也是成功的。(c)2006年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Neuroimaging is being increasingly used to complement clinical assessments in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and metabolic positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are the most clinically used and promising modalities to detect brain abnormalities in individuals who might be at risk for AD but who have not yet developed symptoms. The knowledge of established risk factors for AD enabled investigators to develop enrichment strategies for longitudinal imaging studies to reduce the sample sizes and study duration. The present review focuses on the results obtained by MRI and FDG-PET studies that examined the preclinical AD stages in several at risk populations: (1) individuals from families with autosomal dominant early-onset AD (FAD), (2) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), particularly in memory, who are at very high risk for declining to AD with an estimated decline rate of 10-30% per year, (3) normal young and middle-age subjects carriers of known susceptibility genes for late-onset AD such as the Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) E4 allele, and (4) as age is the main risk factor for AD, normal elderly individuals followed to the onset of MCI and AD. Overall, these studies show that the use of imaging for the early detection of AD is successful even in the earlier stages of disease when clinical symptoms are not fully expressed and the regional brain damage may be limited. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.